Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PARASITOLOGY LEC > CESTODES 2 > Flashcards

CESTODES 2 Flashcards

1
Q

______________ having both male and female
reproductive organs in the same individual.

A

Hermaphroditic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

____________ includes the Tapeworms & Flukes

A

Phylum platyhelminthes (flatworms)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Multicellular animals characterized by a flat,
bilaterally symmetric body. It is dorsoventrally
flattened and is solid (no body cavity).

A

flarworms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The classes_______________ contain species parasitic to humans.

A

Cestoda (tapeworms) and Trematoda
(flukes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Overall size varies greatly, some members are as
small as 1mm, and others may be 20 meters or
longer

A

flatworms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

___________ are the tapeworms: flat, segmented body with
various length (several mm ~ several meters)

A

cestodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

___________ are hermaphroditic with each proglottid developing
both male and female reproductive organs, and
mature eggs developing in the most distal
proglottids

A

cestodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

cestode don’t have ______ and _________

A

have no circulatory system
have no digestive tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

outward projections

A

Microtriches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

similar to microvilli of our gut mucosal
cells
increase the surface area for nutrient
absorption
interdigitate with host microvilli

A

Microtriches - cestodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

are diagnosed by finding eggs or proglottids in the
feces

A

CESTODES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Habitat of adult tapeworm: cestodes

A

intestine of the DH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Intermediate host: cestodes

A

larval stage encysted in the
tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

cestodes are Consist of three basic portions:

A
  1. Scolex
  2. Neck: germinal portion
  3. Strobila: immature, mature, gravid
    proglottids (segments)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Consist of three basic portions:
1. Scolex
For attachment:
__________: armed with hooks
Suckers

A

Rostellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

___________ is germinal portion

A

Neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

__________ immature, mature, gravid
proglottids (segments)

A

Strobila

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The segments bud from behind the scolex and are ___________

A

immature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

As they are pushed back, they _______, and fill with
________.

A

mature-eggs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Once eggs are fertilized, they become “________”
proglottids

A

gravid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

reproductive organs are undifferentiated

A

immature proglottids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

reproductive organs are differentiated

A

mature proglottids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

uterus with lateral branches filled with eggs

A

gravid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

A. Cestodes (Cyclophillidians)

A

Taenia solium
Taenia saginata
Hymenolepis nana
Hymenolepis diminuta
Dipylidium caninum
Raillietina garrisoni

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

B. Cestodes (Pseudophyllidians)

A

Diphyllobothrium latum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

_________ - infection of humans with the
adult pork tapeworm

A

Taeniasis (solium)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Ingestion of raw, insufficiently cooked pork
containing cysticercus cellulosae

A

TAENIA SOLIUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what is the definitive host of taenia cellulosae

A

humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

___________ refers to infection of human
with the larval stage of the parasite

A

Human Cysticercosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

intermediate host of taenia solium

A

man

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

examination of gravid segment between 2 slides

A

Species differentiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

examining biopsy material from cysts

A

Definitive Diagnosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Common name of taenia solium

A

pork tapeworm or hook tapeworm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Mode of transmission of taenia solium

A

Ingestion of embryonated egg (human cysticercosis)/ (ingestion of “measly pork”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Infective stage of taenia solium

A

cysticercus cellulosae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

intermediate host of taenia solium

A

pig or swine, human

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Definitive host of taenia solium

A

human

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Taenia solium

Common name:
Mode of transmission:
Infective stage:
Intermediate host:
Definitive host:

CMIID

A

pork tapeworm or hook tapeworm
ingestion of embryonated egg (human cysticercosis) or ingestion of “measly pork”
cysticercosis cellulosae
pig or swine, humans
humans

39
Q

taenia solium pathology

________ - infection of human with adult pork tapeworm
Ingestion of ________
Man: _________

________- refers to infection of human with the larval stage of the parasite
ingestion of __________
man:__________

A

taenia solium
ingestion of raw, insufficiently cooked pork containing cystercircus cellulosae
definitive host

human cysticercosis
eggs of t. solium
intermediate host

40
Q

taeniasis prevention

A

Avoid eating raw pork
Proper excreta disposal

41
Q

cysticercosis prevention

A

Good personal hygiene
Avoid niclosamide and dichlorphen
- disintegration of gravid segments
and can release more eggs.

42
Q

MORPHOLOGY: OVA

A

Taenia eggs
-spherical/ subspherical
-brownish with thick embryopore, numerous pits
-inside: oncosphere with three pairs of hooklets

43
Q

Smaller and more spherical with 4 acetabulla,

cushion like rostellum double crown of large and
small hooks

A

T. solium

44
Q

Cuboidal, 1-2 mm
4 acetabula (ventral suckers)
Unarmed: no hooks or rostellum

A

T. saginata

45
Q

HYMENOLEPIS NANA

Common Name?
Mode of transmission?
Infective stage?
IH: ?
DH: ?

A

Dwarf Tapeworm
Ingestion of embryonated egg (direct) or
ingestion of flour beetle (indirect)
Infective stage: Cysticercoid larvae (may not
require intermediate host)
IH: Rat Flea, Dog Flea, Human Flea Rice and
Flour Beetles, Cockroaches
DH: Human, Rat

46
Q

HYMENOLEPIS NANA: PATHOLOGY

A

mild abdominal discomfort to abdominal pain,
nausea, vomiting diarrhea, anorexia

47
Q

HYMENOLEPIS NANA: DIAGNOSIS

A

Fecalysis - eggs

48
Q

HYMENOLEPIS NANA: TREATMENT

A

Drugs of Choice: Praziquantel, Bithionol
Long term basis with 7 day interval in between
cycles
Personal hygiene
Environmental sanitation- rodent control
Properly stored food

49
Q

HYMENOLEPIS DIMINUTA

Common Name?
Mode of transmission?
Infective stage?
IH: ?
DH: ?
AH: ?

A

Rat Tapeworm
Accidental ingestion of insects with
cysticercoid larvae
Infective stage: Cysticercoid larvae (require
intermediate host)
IH: Flea, beetle, earwig, mealworm
DH: Rat
AH: Human

50
Q

HYMENOLEPIS DIMINUTA: PATHOLOGY

A

light and asymptomatic
no autoinfection

51
Q

HYMENOLEPIS DIMINUTA: DIAGNOSIS

A

Fecalysis - eggs

52
Q

HYMENOLEPIS DIMINUTA: TREATMENT

A

Treatment, Prevention and Control
Characteristic feature of scolex, gravid
segments and eggs
Fecalysis- eggs

53
Q

MORPHOLOGY: OVA

__________ contains oncosphere with 6 hooklets and polar filaments

___________ circular, yellowish brown
oncosphere enclosed in inner membrane no filaments

A

H. nana
H. diminuta

54
Q

MORPHOLOGY: SCOLEX

subglobular with 4 cup-shaped suckers
Rostellum: with ______ y-shaped hooklets

small, rounded with 4 cup shaped suckers
rudimentary rostellum

A

20-30
H. nana
H. diminuta

55
Q

Contain three ovoid testes and one ovary
in a more less straight pattern across the
segment

A

H. nana

56
Q

Broader than long, similar arrangement
and number of sexual organs
Three ovoid testes and one ovary in a
straight manner

A

H. diminuta

57
Q

Testes and ovary disappear while uterus hollows
out and becomes filled with eggs

A

H. nana

58
Q

Contains a sac like-uterus filled with eggs.
Disintegrate when separated from the body then
release eggs

A

H. diminuta

59
Q

RAILLIETINA GARRISONI
Common Name?
Mode of transmission?
Infective stage?
IH: ?
DH: ?
AH: ?

A

Madagascar tapeworm
Accidental ingestion of insects with
cysticercoid larvae
Infective stage: Cysticercoid larvae
IH: Ants, Flour beetle (Tribolium
confusum)
DH: Rat
AH: Human

60
Q

RAILLIETINA GARRISONI: PATHOLOGY

A

Human infection- asymptomatic

61
Q

RAILLIETINA GARRISONI: DIAGNOSIS

A

Identification of gravid segments
(glistening white, rice grain
appearance) and contain egg capsules
with 1-4 spindle shaped eggs

62
Q

RAILLIETINA GARRISONI: TREATMENT

A

Treatment, Prevention and Control
Praziquantel and bithionol
Environmental sanitation
Proper food storage

63
Q

DIPYLIDIUM CANINUM

Common Name?
Mode of transmission?
Infective stage?
IH: ?
DH: ?
AH: ?

A

DIPYLIDIUM CANINUM

Dog tapeworm, Double-pored
tapeworm
Accidental ingestion of insects with
cysticercoid larvae
Infective stage: Cysticercoid larvae
IH: Dog flea, Cat flea, human flea, dog
louse
DH: Cat, Dog
AH: Human

64
Q

DIPYLIDIUM CANINUM: PATHOLOGY

A

usually no symptoms
intestinal disturbances, weight loss,
anorexia, urticaria

65
Q

DIPYLIDIUM CANINUM: DIAGNOSIS

A

Fecalysis - gravid segments
2 genital pores on each side of
segment
8-15 eggs

66
Q

DIPYLIDIUM CANINUM: TREATMENT

A

Treatment, Prevention and Control
Drugs of Choice
Niclosamide, Bithionol, Praziquantel
Periodic deworming of cats and dogs
Insecticide dusting of cats and dogs

67
Q

ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS

common Name?
Mode of transmission?
Infective stage?
IH: ?
DH: ?
AH: ?

A

Hydatid tapeworm
man ingests embryonated egg
Infective stage (human): embryonated egg
IH: Sheep
DH: Dog
AH: Human

68
Q

ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS: PATHOLOGY

A

Mechanical and toxic
growing cyst: lodged in vital organs (liver,
lungs, brain and heart) and interferes with
function
Osseous hydatid cyst
Cyst in bone cells
Migrate to bone canal and erode
Symptoms develop 5-10 years after infection
Allergic reaction- rupture of cyst

69
Q

ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS: DIAGNOSIS

A

Hydatid cyst
1. CXR
2. Exploratory Cyst Puncture
3. Immunologic Test
a. Intradermal
b. Precipitin
c. Complement fixation
d. Hemagglutination
e. Fluorescent antibody test

70
Q

accessible sites

A

Surgical removal

71
Q

inoperable

A

Biological Method

72
Q

ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS: TREATMENT

A

Treatment, Prevention and Control
Surgical removal- accessible sites
no spillage of the cyst fluid or hydatid sand
Biological Method-inoperable
not always successful
Albendazole 400mg bid for 4 weeks
Strict personal hygiene
Human infection: fondling of dogs, ingesting eggs in dirt,
on vegetables or utensils or contaminated clothing
Dogs should not eat sheep, cattle and hog carcasses
Deworming

73
Q

MORPHOLOGY: OVA

eggs measure ~75x95 micrometers. They are
usually included in capsules inside the gravid
segments

A

R. garrisoni

74
Q

MORPHOLOGY: OVA

Eggs are spherical, thin shelled with a
hexacanth embryo

A

D. Caninum

75
Q

MORPHOLOGY: OVA

subspherical with a brown radially striated
embryophore

A

E. granulosus

76
Q

MORPHOLOGY: SCOLEX

Subglobular scolex with four acetabula
Rostellum is armed with 2 alternating circular
rows of hammer-shaped hooks

A

R. garrisoni

77
Q

MORPHOLOGY: SCOLEX

Small and globular with four cupped suckers and
protrusible rostellum armed with one to seven
rows of rose thorn hooklets

A

D. Caninum

78
Q

MORPHOLOGY: SCOLEX

rostellum with double row of 10-40 hooklets and
cuplike suckers

A

E. granulosus

79
Q

MORPHOLOGY: PROGLOTTIDS

scolex, neck and 3 segments (immature
proglottid, elongated mature proglottid
and gravid proglottid)
2.5 to 9mm

A

E. granulosus

80
Q

MORPHOLOGY: MATURE PROGLOTTID

bilobed ovary with 36-50 ovoid testes

A

R. garrisoni

81
Q

MORPHOLOGY: MATURE PROGLOTTID

narrow, with double set of reproductive organs
and a genital pore on each margin

A

D. Caninum

82
Q

MORPHOLOGY: GRAVID PROGLOTTID

200-400 egg capsules with one to four spindle
shaped eggs.

A

R. garrisoni

83
Q

MORPHOLOGY: GRAVID PROGLOTTID

pumpkin seed shaped with capsules (8-15 eggs)
(may crawl out of anus)

A

D. Caninum

84
Q

DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM LATUM
Common Name?
Mode of transmission?
Infective stage: 1st IH? 2nd IH? DH?
IH: 1st IH? 2nd IH?
DH: ?

A

Fish tapeworm, broad tapeworm
Ingestion of raw or uncooked infected fish
Infective stage:
1st IH: Coracidium
2nd IH: Procercoid larva
DH: Plerocercoid (sparganum) larva
Intermediate Host:
1st IH: Copepad
2nd IH: Fish (perch, trout salmon, pike)
Definitive H0st: Human, mammals

85
Q

Nonspecific complaints to mechanical
obstruction of intestines and biliary ducts
Diphyllobothriasis
Bothricephalus anemia or tapeworm
pernicious anemia; competes with host for
Vit B12 in the diet.
Human Sparganosis
Ingestion of infected Cyclops with
procercoid stage — sparganum

A

DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM LATUM: PATHOLOGY

86
Q

Bothricephalus anemia or tapeworm
pernicious anemia; competes with host for
Vit B12 in the diet

A

Diphyllobothriasis

87
Q

Ingestion of infected Cyclops with
procercoid stage — sparganum

A

Human Sparganosis

88
Q

DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM LATUM: DIAGNOSIS

A

Fecalysis - eggs
Sparganosis - surgical removal and damage of
involved areas

89
Q

surgical removal and damage of
involved areas

A

Sparganosis

90
Q

DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM LATUM: TREATMENT

A

Drugs of Choice- Niclosamide, Praziquantel
Sparganosis- removed through surgery
Ocular Sparganosis- injected with 40% ethyl
alcohol with procaine
Thorough cooking
Freezing of fish at 14⁰F for 24-48 hours
Boiling and filter

91
Q

MORPHOLOGY: OVA

Yellowish brown with moderate thick shell with
operculum.
Opposite is a knob like thickening

A

D. latum

92
Q

MORPHOLOGY: SCOLEX

Spatulate with two bothria or sucking
grooves which are located dorsally and
ventrally

A

D. latum

93
Q

MORPHOLOGY: MATURE PROGLOTTID

Has a longer width than length and contains one set of
reproductive organs. Testes located dorsolateral.

A

D. latum

94
Q

MORPHOLOGY: GRAVID PROGLOTTID

Disintegrate only when segment has completed
its reproductive function

A

D. latum

PARASITOLOGY LEC (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions