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GI Week 2 > Intestinal Digestion and Absorption Prunuske > Flashcards

Intestinal Digestion and Absorption Prunuske Flashcards

1
Q

How do monosaccharides get absorbed?

A

SGLT-1

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2
Q

How do peptides get absorbed?

A

PEPT-1 via H+

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3
Q

Hartnup disease

A

Defect in L-phenylalanine transporter

but you can still get phenylalanine via peptide transporter

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4
Q

Cystinuria

A

Defect in L-arginine or cystine transporter

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5
Q

Besides peptides, what else is taken up by PEPT-1?

A

DRUGS! Like Cephalosporin

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6
Q

Sucrose

A

Glucose + Fructose

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7
Q

Maltose

A

Glucose + Glucose

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8
Q

Lactose

A

Glucose + Galactose

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9
Q

Fructose transporter

A

GLUT5

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10
Q

How do amino acids get absorbed?

A

Via Na+ dependent symporters

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11
Q

How are all monosaccharides getting into the blood?

A

GLUT2 on basolateral membrane

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12
Q

What does trypsinogen need to become active?

Where does trypsinogen come from?

A

Enteropeptidase! From brush border

Trypsinogen comes from pancreas

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13
Q

90 % of dietary lipids are what?

A

TG

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14
Q

Chief cells secrete what 2 things?

A

lipase and pepsin

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15
Q

Free FA in the duodenum triggers release of what?

A

CCK

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16
Q

What does CCK do?

A

Activates pancreatic acinar secretion of lipase & procolipase

17
Q

How do bile acids affect lipase?

A

They inhibit lipase binding to fat droplets

18
Q

Does low or high pH inhibit pancreatic lipase?

A

Low (no food at low pH)

19
Q

What activates colipase?

A

Trypsin

20
Q

What does Colipase do?

A

It binds bile acids so lipase can cleave fatty acids

21
Q

So what is critical for lipase’s activity in the presence of bile?!

A

Colipase!

22
Q

Why are some of the other fat digesting enzymes of the pancreas activated once they reach the duodenum?

A

Higher levels of Ca++ in duodenum

23
Q

How must fat soluble vitamins be taken up?

A

In MICELLES

24
Q

How do lipids enter enterocytes? 3 ways

A

Nonionic diffusion
Collision with membrane
Carrier mediated transport

25
Q

How does Ezetimibe work?

A

Reduces uptake of cholesterol by inhibiting Niemann-Pick C1 Like 1

26
Q

What happens to most absorbed FA in enterocytes?

A

Put into chylomicrons

27
Q

What drug can interfere with Vitamin B12 absorption?

A

Metformin

28
Q

If a patient has a colipase or lipase deficiency, what will they have?

A

Chronic pancreatitis

29
Q

What pancreatic enzyme is inactivated due to Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome?

A

Lipase! Super sensitive to low pH

30
Q

Abetalipoproteinemia

A

Abnormal chylomicron formation

31
Q

IN what disease is there inadequate uptake up bile salts?

A

Crohn Disease

32
Q

How does dumping syndrome affect fat digestion?

A

Inadequate time for fat digestion/absorption so it is decreased

GI Week 2 (11 decks)

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