Gastric Motility Prunuske

Question 1

Gastroparesis

Answer 1

Delayed stomach emptying

Question 2

Increased gastric motility (too fast)

Answer 2

Dumping

Question 3

What neurotransmitters control receptive relaxation of the stomach?

Answer 3

VIP

NO

Question 4

Is vagal release of ACh during accomodation associated with contraction or relaxation of the stomach?

Answer 4

RELAXATION

Question 5

What is the Gastroileal reflex?

Answer 5

Causes ileoceccal valve to relax after transfer contents from small to large bowel

Question 6

What is the Gastrocolic reflex?

Answer 6

Induces the need to defecate after ingesting a meal

Question 7

biggest difference between gastric and pancreatic lipase

Answer 7

Gastric can function in a lower pH environment (3-6)

Pancreatic lipase at higher pH where more bicarbonate has been secreted

Question 8

What are 2 molecules that can be absorbed by diffusion out of the stomach?

Answer 8

Aspirin

Alcohol

Question 9

What condition is associated with absorption of alcohol and aspirin?

Answer 9

Gastritis

Question 10

Gastric trituration?

Answer 10

Emptying of liquids involves proximal stomach (tonic) and solids involves antral pump (phasic).

Question 11

What is the Basic Electrical Rhythm (BER) of peristalsis?

Answer 11

3 to 5 waves per minute in the stomach

Question 12

What 3 things inhibit gastric contractions and emptying?

Answer 12

Acid in duodenum via neural (enteric and vagal)and hormonal (secretin and somatostatin) mechanisms

Fat in duodenum via CCK hormone mechanisms and via enteric neural mechanisms

Osmolality of the duodenal contents via enteric neural mechanisms and perhaps hormonal mechanisms (GIP)

Question 13

What molecule controls the migrating motor complex? AKA the housekeeping function to remove indigestible material during FASTING

Answer 13

Motilin

Question 14

Why are some drugs (like macrolides) associated with diarrhea?

Answer 14

Because they stimulate intense contractions and cause the pylorus to open fully!
Phase III of migrating motor complex

Question 15

How do you get your tummy to stop making noises when youre hungry?!

Answer 15

Eat. duh.

It decreases motilin so your Migrating Motor complex quiets down

Question 16

Congenital condition where pylorus fails to relax after a meal leading to malnutrition and dehydration

Answer 16

Pyloric stenosis

Question 17

Common cause of Gastroparesis?

Answer 17

Diabetic neuropathy involving the vagus and enteric nerves in the stomach

Question 18

What is Dumping Syndrome?

Answer 18

Rapid gastric emptying often due to gastric bypass surgery

*Rapid entry of gastric contents into duodenum represents an osmotic challenge, water moves into lumen resulting in hypovolemia and decreased BP.

Question 19

Peptic Ulcer disease

Answer 19

Scarring and ulcers near pylorus can delay emptying or in duodenal ulcers can lead to rapid gastric emptying due to loss of duodenal negative feedback mechanisms.

Question 20

What is retching?

Answer 20

Contraction of abdominal muscles, relaxation of esophagus but NO VOMITING

Question 21

Where is the vomiting center in the brain?

Answer 21

Medulla

Question 22

How do you end up with a larger contraction in the stomach?

Answer 22

Summation….more action potentials produces a larger contraction.

Question 23

What happens to contractions as the reach the closed pyloric sphincter?

Answer 23

Strengthen and speed up