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ECOS Midterm Exam > Interview Basics > Flashcards

Interview Basics Flashcards

1
Q

Patient-Centered

A
  • recognizes the importance of the patients expressions of personal concerns, feelings and emotions
  • encourages the patient to tell their story in their own words
  • effective use of open-ended questions
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2
Q

Physician-Centered

A
  • clinician takes charge of the interaction to meet their own need to acquire the sxs or details needed to make a dx
  • direct, more focused questions
  • typically a yes/no or short answer aka closed ended questions
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3
Q

Open-Ended Questions

A
  • How can I help you today?
  • Tell me more about that…
  • What else do you think may be important?
  • What have you tried to make this better?
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4
Q

Closed-Ended Questions

A
  • When did your cough start?
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5
Q

Closed-Ended Questions

A
  • When did your cough start?
  • Have you taken any meds?
  • Have you had a HA?
  • Have you ever had to stay overnight in the hospital?
  • Do you have allergies?
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6
Q

Non-Verbal Communication

A
  • Professional dress and hygiene
  • Posture
  • Eye contact
  • Active listening
  • Professional touch
  • Cultural humility
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7
Q

Verbal Communication

A
  • Open-ended questions
  • Closed-ended questions
  • Understandable language
  • Empathetic responses
  • Written documentation: SOAP Note
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8
Q

Body Language

A
  • Eye Level: empowers the patient as a partner in care (be at or below eye level of the patient)
  • Open body language
  • Reflective (active) listening (ex. nodding, leaning forward, mirroring patient)
  • Respectful or supportive touch
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9
Q

Sitting vs. Standing

A
  • in studies where physicians sat down during appointments, they were perceived to be in the room longer
  • position within 3-4 feet of patient; >5 feet is impersonal; <3 feet is invasive
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10
Q

Empathy

A
  • the capacity to identify with the patient and feel the patients pain as your own, then respond in a supportive manner
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11
Q

Reasons why you should NOT shake your patient’s hand

A
  • infection control: wash or sanitize hands prior to exam or touching patient
  • cultural humility: not all cultures shake hands as a greeting; some cultures do not permit opposite-gender individuals to touch in a non-clinical situation
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12
Q

Components of HPI

A

OLDCAAARTS
(1) Onset
(2) Location
(3) Duration
(4) Character
(5) Aggravating
(6) Alleviating
(7) Associated sxs
(8) Radiation
(9) Timing/Temporal pattern
(10) Severity

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13
Q

Wong-Baker Pain Rating Scale

A
  • typically has faces associated with each rating
    0 = No hurt
    2 = Hurts little bit
    4 = Hurts little more
    6 = Hurts even more
    8 = Hurts whole lot
    10 = Hurts worst
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14
Q

Initial Steps of SPE that occur BEFORE you sit down

A

(1) Introduction
(2) Sanitize hands
(3) Make eye contact

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15
Q

Initial Steps of SPE that occur AFTER you sit down

A

(1) Verify name and DOB
(2) How should I address you?
(3) And how old does that make you?
(4) Opening question

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16
Q

What information is found in the Subjective portion of the SOAP Note?

A
  • CC
  • HPI
  • ROS
  • PMH
  • PSH
  • MEDS
  • ALL
  • SH
  • FH
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17
Q

What information is found in the Objective portion of the SOAP Note?

A
  • PE
  • Laboratory Data (includes Radiology reports)
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18
Q

What information is found in the Assessment portion of the SOAP Note?

A
  • Most likely Dx
  • Somatic Dysfunction
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19
Q

What information is found in the Plan portion of the SOAP Note?

A
  • Self-care
  • Diagnostic procedures (Xray, labs)
  • Management (medications)
  • F/u or RTC
20
Q

Review of Symptoms

A
  • body divided into 14 systems
  • different levels of acuity or severity require different ROS
  • require ONE sx out of TWO systems
21
Q

Definition of Symptom

A
  • a physical or mental problem that a person experiences that may indicate a disease or condition
  • cannot be seen and do not show up on medical tests
  • Ex. fatigue, chills, shortness of breath
22
Q

Definition of Signs

A
  • findings observed during the PE and any laboratory data or reports
  • can be measured or reproduced
  • Ex. vital signs (BP, Temp, RR, HR)
23
Q

Examples of “Red Flags” (must not miss sxs)

A
  • CC: Ear Pain; ROS: Dizziness and swollen glands = infection
  • CC: Back Pain; ROS: Blood in urine and unintentional weight loss = kidney stones, cancer
  • CC: Cough; ROS: Night sweats and back pain = TB, pneumonia
  • CC: Joint Pain; ROS: Fever and rashes = septic joint, connective tissue disease
24
Q

Where would you document immunizations?

A

PMH

25
Q

What is NOT included in PSH?

A
  • Dental extractions
  • Sutures for minor injuries
26
Q

What is included in PSH?

A
  • Preventative surgeries
  • Commonly included: tonsillectomy, appendectomy, CS
27
Q

Expressing Empathy: Respecting Technique Examples

A
  • I can see how much you love your family
  • You did the right think by coming in
  • It must be a lot of stress to deal with …
28
Q

Expressing Empathy: Naming Technique Examples

A
  • I can see how sad this makes you
  • Some people would feel … in this situation
29
Q

Expressing Empathy: Understanding Technique Examples

A
  • I can imagine what that would feel like
  • This has been a hard time for you
30
Q

Expressing Empathy: Supporting Technique Examples

A
  • I’m going to be with you through all of this
  • I am here to help you in any way that I can
31
Q

Expressing Empathy: Exploring Technique Examples

A
  • Can you give me a sense of what you’re thinking
  • How are you coping with …
32
Q

Importance of Transition Statements

A
  • keep the patient informed of the new direction or topic
  • act as a sign-post for new topic
  • allows patient time to process the information covered
33
Q

Components of Social History

A

FED TACOS4
- Food
- Exercise
- Drugs
- Tobacco
- Alcohol
- Caffeine
- Occupation
- Safety
- Support and living situation
- Spirituality
- Sexual history

34
Q

Exercise Guidelines

A

150 minutes / week

35
Q

Effects of Caffeine

A
  • high doses can be toxic resulting in arrhythmia, vomiting, seizures, coma and death
  • most commonly associated with energy drinks
  • can lead to insomnia, anxiety, palpitations, HAs
36
Q

Definition of a Drink
- Beer:
- Wine:
- Liquor:

A
  • 12 oz of 5% beer
  • 5 oz of 12% wine
  • 1.5 oz of 80 proof liquor
37
Q

Maximum Recommended Alcohol Intake for Men: Per Day? Per Week?

A

< 4 drinks per day and/or 14 drinks per week

38
Q

Maximum Recommended Alcohol Intake for Women: Per Day? Per Week?

A

< 3 drinks per day and/or 7 drinks per week

39
Q

Alcohol Use Disorder

A
  • must fulfill 2 of 11 criteria that include craving, tolerance, inability to cut down, etc
40
Q

CAGE Questions: C

A

Cut
- have you ever felt you should Cut down on your drinking?

41
Q

CAGE Questions: A

A

Annoy
- do people Annoy you by criticizing your drinking?

42
Q

CAGE Questions: G

A

Guilty
- do you feel Guilty about your drinking?

43
Q

CAGE Questions: E

A

Eye-opener
- do you ever have an Eye-opener first thing in the morning to steady the nerves, or get rid of a hangover?

44
Q

Psychosocial Health Pyramid

A

Top -> Bottom
- Self-actualization: growth, creativity
- Self-esteem: self respect, social recognition, job satisfaction
- Belonging: love, friendship
- Safety: health and safety, stability
- Physiologic: food, water, clothing

45
Q

What 3 things are ALWAYS required in SH?

A
  • Tobacco: current or past use, type, amount
  • Alcohol: current or past use, drinks per day or drinks per week
  • Drugs: current or past use, type

ECOS Midterm Exam (19 decks)

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