Intervention Prevention Measures Flashcards
Primary prevention—
active intervention for risk factors that cause cardiovascular disease
Who are candidates for primary prevention?
individuals who are at moderate or high risk of developing cardiovascular disease and with family histories of CVD
Components of primary prevention program
Therapeutic exercise—aerobic and resistance Dietary counseling Stress management or biofeedback Smoking cessation Pharmacological management Education and self-management techniques
Phase I of cardiac rehab:
acute or inpatient
Phase II of cardiac rehab:
subacute or outpatient
intensive monitoring
Phase III of cardiac rehab:
Post-acute/Post d/c from Phase II - Community Exercise Program
training and maintenance
Phase I
Early mobilization of acute coronary patient to activity reduces complications and improves mortality rate
Conducted when patient is considered stable
Specific outcome measures used in acute phases of cardiac rehab
self management of symptoms
patient knowledge of factors associated with condition
aerobic capacity or endurance
self care at home
physiological response to increased O2 demand
safety
Pseudoglandular period
6-16 weeks
Canalicular period
16-26 weeks
Terminal saccular period
26 weeks to birth
Alveolar period:
32 weeks-8 years
Appearance of pulmonary capillaries:
16-26 weeks
When do earliest strand of endothelial strands appear?
3 weeks of gestation
Cord form heart by:
21 days
Single heart tube begins to beat:
22-23 days
Circulating blood:
27days
Cyanoctic:
artieral O2 saturation is decreased
Acyanotic:
normal O2 saturation
Persistent pulmonary hypertension
Prematurity is associated with PDA
Seen in infants with infant respiratory distress syndrome
Respiratory distress syndrome
Hyaline membrane disease or RDS
Caused by deficient amount of pulmonary surfactant
Characterized by airless alveoli, inelastic lungs, respiration rate >60 bpm, nasal flaring, intercostal and subcostal retractions, grunting on expiration, peripheral edema
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
Sudden, unexpected death during sleep of an otherwise healthy infant
May be linked with respiration
“Back to Sleep” campaign—NICHD
Dynamic insufficiency
high output insufficiency
Mechanical insufficiency
low output insufficiency
Stage 0 lypmphedema (latency)
no clinical edema
Stemmer’s sign negative
tissue and skin appear normal
transport capacity reduced
Stage 1 lymphedema (reversible stage)
edema present (soft and pitting) edema reversible with elevation edema worsens with standing Stemmer sign negative tissue appears normal
Stage 2 lymphedema (spontaneously irreversible
edema present, maybe soft and pitting, progressing to hard Edema does not reverse with elevation stemmer positive skin changes frequent infections tissue appears fibrosclerotic
Stage 3 lymphedema (Lymphostatic elephantiasis)
edema present, brawny nonpitting edema
stemmer positive
Edema does not reverse with elevation
frequent infections
