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CardioPulm > ECG > Flashcards

ECG Flashcards

1
Q

P-R interval

A

0.12 - 0.20 sec (3 - 5 small squares)

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2
Q

QRS width

A

0.08 - 0.12 sec (2 - 3 small squares)

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3
Q

QT interval

A

0.35-0.43 seconds

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4
Q

Widowmaker:

A

expression describing the complete closure of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery. The LAD is an essential coronary artery and its occlusion can result in immediate death

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5
Q

Sinus node artery supplies:

A

right atrium

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6
Q

Right marginal artery supplies:

A

right ventricle

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7
Q

Posterior descending artery supplies:

A

inferior walls of both ventricles

interior portion of the interventricular septum

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8
Q

Circumflex artery supplies:

A

left atrium
posterior and lateral walls of the left ventricle
anterior and inferior walls of the left ventricle

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9
Q

Left anterior descending artery

A

anterior portion of the interventricular septum

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10
Q

diastole:

A

Phase of the cardiac cycle when myocardium is relaxed

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11
Q

systole

A

Phase of the cardiac cycle when the myocardium contracts

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12
Q

Atrial systole

A

when atria contract

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13
Q

Ventricular systole

A

when ventricles contract

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14
Q

ECG - electrocardiogram

A

graphic recording of electrical events
established electrode pattern results in specific tracing pattern
electrical pattern reveals blood supply problems

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15
Q

ECG records a positive (upward) deflection

A

If an electrode is placed so that wave of depolarization spreads toward the recording electrode

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16
Q

negative (downward) deflection

A

If wave of depolarization spreads away from recording electrode

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17
Q

V1

A

Fourth intercostal space to the right of the sternum

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18
Q

V2

A

Fourth intercostal space to the Left of the sternum

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19
Q

V3:

A

Directly between leads V2 and V4

20
Q

V4:

A

Fifth intercostal space at midclavicular line

21
Q

V5:

A

Level with V4 at left anterior axillary line

22
Q

V6:

A

Level with V5 at left midaxillary line. (Directly under the midpoint of the armpit)

23
Q

Where does Lead I travel?

A

travels’ horizontally

Its left pole (LA) is positive and its right pole (RA) is negative

24
Q

What does Lead I show?

A

Shows a positive wave when an impulse moves towards the left arm, negative wave when an impulse moves away from the left arm

25
Q

P wave:

A

atrial depolarization

26
Q

PR segment:

A

delay of conduction from AV node

27
Q

QRS complex:

A

ventricular depolarization (.06-.10 sec)

28
Q

ST segment:

A

repolarization begins

29
Q

T Wave:

A

repolarization

30
Q

Sinus Pause/Block:

A

SA node fails to initiate impulse, usually only for one cycle
RR interval: occasional pauses noted

31
Q

Causes of Sinus Block:

A

increased parasympathetic activity
disease of SA node
infection
severe ischemia

32
Q

Atrial tachycardia:

A

3 or more premature atrial complexes in a row

P waves not always present before QRS complex

33
Q

Atrial flutter:

A

multiple P waves before QRS complex

34
Q

Atrial Fibrillation

A

no P waves

AV node controls impulse that activates QRS complex

35
Q

Causes of atrial fibrillation

A

atria does not contract
could develop clots
CHF, ischemia

36
Q

Junctional (Nodal) Rhythm

A

AV node takes over as pacemaker of heart

no P wave before QRS complex

37
Q

1st Degree AV block

A

impulse at SA node delayed on way to AV node

lengthened PR interval

38
Q

2nd Degree AV block Type I (Mobitz I)

A

prevents conduction of some impulse thru AV node
P wave can stand alone
lengthening of PR interval

39
Q

2nd Degree AV block Type II (Mobitz II)

A

no conduction of impulses to ventricles without change to PR interval
ratio of P waves to QRS complex greater than 1:1
2-4 P waves for every QRS complex

40
Q

3rd Degree AV Block

A

all impulses initiated above ventricles; are not conducted to ventricles
no relation between P waves and QRS complex

41
Q

Premature Ventricular Complex

A

impulse originates in ventricles

QRS complex: wide without P wave, followed by compensatory pause

42
Q

Ventricular Tachycardia

A

3 or more PVCs in a row
no P wave
QRS wide and bizarre

43
Q

Ventricular Fibrillation

A

erratic quivering of ventricular muscles resulting in no cardiac output

44
Q

What does T wave inversion mean?

A

ischemia

45
Q

What does elevated ST segment mean?

A

ischemia

46
Q

What does depressed ST segment mean?

A

infarction

CardioPulm (22 decks)

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