Interpersonal space

Question 1

[Interpersonal space] What is the main psychology being studied?

Answer 1

Interpersonal Space
Empathy
Social Hormones

Question 2

[Interpersonal space] Aim?

Answer 2

To investigate how the social hormone Oxytocin effects people’s personal space preference based on their empathy level

Question 3

[Interpersonal space] Research Method?

Answer 3

Laboratory experiment.

Question 4

[Interpersonal space] Sample?

Answer 4

54 undergraduate males.

Question 5

[Interpersonal space] Sample’s age?

Answer 5

19-32 yrs old

Question 6

[Interpersonal space] Incentive?

Answer 6

Course Credit/Payment.

Question 7

[Interpersonal space] Sampling Method.

Answer 7

Voluntary sampling.

Question 8

[Interpersonal space] IV

Answer 8

o Empathy [High/Low] [Independent groups design] [Natural]
o Treatment [Oxytocin/Placebo] [Repeated Measures design] [Manipulated]
o Condition [Stranger/ Authority Figure/ Friend/ Ball] [ Repeated measures design ]

Question 9

[Interpersonal space] DV

Answer 9

personal space requirements of each participants.

Question 10

[Interpersonal space] In experiment 1 DV operationalized as?

Answer 10

Preferred distance measured between the participant and approaching subject.

Question 11

[Interpersonal space] In experiment 2 DV operationalized as?

Answer 11

preferred distance and angle between two chairs in a room.

Question 12

[Interpersonal space] controls?

Answer 12

o Normal vision
o No history psychiatric or neurological disorders.
o given nature magazines
o waited in a quiet room for 45 minutes

Question 13

CID Paradigm

Answer 13

Comfortable interpersonal distance paradigm

Question 14

[Interpersonal space] Experiment 1; Trials

Answer 14

24 trials for each figure 96 trials in total.

Question 15

[Interpersonal space] Experiment 2; computerized stimuli.

Answer 15

Coloured pictures with 2 identical chairs, a table on the side, a cupboard, a plant, a lamp and a clock

Question 16

[Interpersonal space] The experimental condition was preferred distance between chairs and consisted of the following stimuli:

Answer 16

o Preferred distance between chairs [8-55in] with intervals of 8 in.
o Preferred angle of the chairs’ positions [ 0: facing forward, 45 each, 90*: facing each other.

Question 17

The control condition was preferred distance between table and plant and consisted of the following stimuli:

Answer 17

o distance between the table and the plant [80-125in with intervals of 8 in]
o Angle of the table and plant positions [o: acing forward, 45 each, 90* facing each other.]

Question 18

[Interpersonal space] The experiment included:

Answer 18

o 21 different pairs of chairs
o21 different pairs of table-plant differences
o 3 different table-plant angles repeated 7 times to equal 21 pairs of comparative angles.
o each participant was shown 84 pairs, repeated twice to equal 168 pairs.

Question 19

[Interpersonal space] experiment 2, each picture shown for ?

Answer 19

2s

Question 20

CID Paradigm specifics

Answer 20

o displayed the approaching figures title for a sec.
o a fixation point for 0.5s
o The circle and figure for a sec
o 3s animation of the approaching figure

Question 21

IRI

Answer 21

o Interpersonal reactivity index.
o A 28-item self report used to determine the participants empathy level.

Question 22

[Interpersonal space] Results. Experiment 1.

Answer 22

o IV: Condition: Participants need for personal distance increases the less well the figure in known to them.
o IV: Treatment x Empathy:
OT decreased the preferred distance for High empathy group from 26.-23.29% and increased the preferred distance for the low empathy group from 29.98-30.20.
o IV: Treatment x Condition x Empathy:
Significant differences between friend and stranger and friend and authority, significant differences in ball and stranger and ball and authority shows that the ball is a social cue.

Question 23

social salience

Answer 23

Importance people attach to social cues.