Internal War in France 1793 Flashcards
Vendee and Federalist Revolt
When did the Vendeeian revolt begin?
-March 1793 after a protest in response for a levy of 300,000 men in Angers
What were other reasons for the revolt in the Vendee?
-Regicide of the King
-resented CCC as many were devoutly religous
-poor treatment of nobility which were kind to peasants in the Vendee
When was the Catholic and Royal Army of the Vendee declared?
-14 March 1793 after City, Cholet, was captured
By the end of March how many rebels were involved in the Vendeeian revolt and what cities had they captured by June?
-20,000 rebels
-Had captured Nantes, Angers, Saumur, and were advancing to Le mans (towards Paris)
How many troops were taken from the war front to deal with the Vendeeian revolt in May?
-30,000
When did the Vendee declare independence from Paris?
-July 1793
Who allied themselves with Vendee?
-The Chouans, smugglers,
-Only allied as they wanted to return to AR due to the gabelle ,salt tax, being removed (gave them nothing to smuggle)
How many soldiers were distributed to Nantes to destroy the revolt in the Vendee and when
-100,000 troops were distributed by 6th September 1793
When was the Vendeian revolt destroyed?
December 1793
How many peasants were killed in retaliation to the Vendeeian revolt?
700,000
What was the Federalist Revolt?
When Provinces in France revolted over the Jacobin and Paris Commune dominance
When did the Federalist Revolt begin?
-29 May 1793 when Lyon overthrew Jacobin ruler
-2 June 1793, Avignon, Bordeaux,Marseilles and Toulon revolted in reaction to the purging of the Girondin
How many departements were involved in the Federalist revolt?
-60/88
-serious conflicts in 8/60 departements
Which city allied themselves with Royalists and the First Coalition and why was this significant?
-Toulon: they declared that Louis VXII as king and appealed for help from Anglo-Spainish fleet
-Significant as it was an important naval base with 1/3 of the navy
-Toulon was taken in December due to Napoleon
Why was Lyon made an example of after the Federalist Revolt?
-It was the second biggest city in France
-Leading Jacobins in Lyon had been guillotined by rebels
How many people were executed in Lyon?
-113 in 6 weeks through Couthon justice court
Who replaced Couthon in Lyon in Nov. to make a better example of Lyon?
-Fouche and d’Herbois
How many people were executed under Fouche and d’Herbois in Lyon?
-They set up a revolutionary commission which executed 1673 people to death
-Departmental criminal court killed an extra 213
What were some limitations with the Federalist Revolt?
-Different cities did not work together and few wanted to leave the cities and spread to Paris
-Federalist forces also quite small: Marseille was able to form 3500 men and Bordeaux only 900
