Internal Factors-CLASS Flashcards
What does capital culture refer to?
The knowledge,attitudes,values,tastes and abilities of the middles class that can be exchanges for educational success.
Who uses the concept of capital culture to explain why middles class students are more successful?
Bourdieu
What does Bourdeu say about the MC families which links to culture capital?
-MC have cc so therefore are more equipped to meet the demands of education.
-MC can convert there economic capital into education
-means if parents have both cultural and economic capital the child will have education capital(better qualification)
What is a theory link to culture capital?
Marxim-they believe in the myth of meritocracy where educational success is based of social class.(benefit the bourgeiousie)
What is the AO3 for cultural capital?
NELL KEDDIE
-cultural deprivation is a myth and is a victim blaming explanation
-working class students are culturally different not culturally deprived
-they are simply just at a disadvantage in a middle class values dominated education system.
What is the first sociologist called in labelling and what did he do?
Becker
-interviewed 60 teachers and found that they tend to classify and evaluate there students in terms of the ideal pupil
-teachers percieve student with non manual backgrounds as closer to this ‘ideal type’.
What is did Hempel-Jorgenson do?
-He looked at 2 primary schools and found teachers have different notions of the ‘ideal type’
-for example in the first primary school discipline was a problem so the ideal type would be quiet,passive and obedient
-In the other primary school behaviour wasnt a problem so the ‘ideal pupil’ would be based in terms of personality and academic ability.
What did Rosenthal and Jacobson do?
-they tested the IQ of children in a feild experiment
-he then randomly selected 20% of those students and labelled them as ‘spurters’ who would show rapid intellectual growth-this was told to teachers covertly
-a year later they redid the IQ test and found that the ‘spurters’ majority gained more IQ
-this is because teachers responded by improving there performance
and therefore resulted in a self fullfilling prophecy
What are the AO3 for Rosenthal and Jacobson’s Study?
-GOOD,it was a feild experiment therefore increases internal validity so more accurate results as it was done in a natural environment.
-BAD,didnt observe classroom interactions so the SFP may be wrong
-BAD,They manipulated the labelling process
What is another AO3 done by Margret Fuller?
–not everyone accepts the label there imposed with
-did a study on a group of black girls who devoted there selves to study and be successful to prove there teacher wrong
-self negating prophecy.
Who is the main sociologist for setting and streaming?
Stephan Ball
What did Stephan Ball do?
-pupils were placed in 3 bands based off information from there primary school.
-1st band=Hardworking and most able
-2nd band=hardest to teach,and least cooperative
-3rd band=most troublesome and least able.
-He found that non-academic factors were used
those fathers with non-manual jobs were placed in the higher band.
Why does what Stephan Ball found make the middle class more successful?
Because in the bands there taught differently and encouraged to take different paths.
What did Stephan Ball overall find?
-There is a strong relationship between banding and educational performance
-the wc are put at a disadvantage by setting and streamig
What is the AO3 of setting and streaming?
functionalist would argue that students are sifted and sorted based on meritocracy.
What are subcultures?
-Individuals who share similar value and behaviour patterns.
-it is a response to how they are labelled
What are the 2 subcultures?
pro-school subculture,anti-school subculture
What are the 2 explanations Lacey says of how they are formed?
Differienciation and Polerisation
What is Differiencisation?
the process of teachers catogorizing pupils according to percieved abilities.
What is Polerisation?
process in which pupils respond to streaming by moving towards one of the opposite poles of extreme.
What did willis do to explore subcultures?
-he used group interivews and non-participation observation
-observed the ‘lads’ who were a anti-school subculture
They:
-looked down on school teachers
-didnt go to lessons
-identified themselves with adults e.gby smoking
-attached little to no value to academic work
-they found that manual labour was prized over ‘penpushing’
Rejected authority and the belief that hard work leads to success
What did Willis argue about the Lads?
-that this actually prepared them for work in capitalism
-rebellion ensure they’de fail,so they would only get jobs that capitalism needed to fill
which subculture was similar to the anti school culture and why?
Shop floor culture
-racist
-sexist
-no respect towards authority
What did Willis argue that why the lads rejected school?
-they saw through the capitalist system but because they had no qualifications they fell under the exploited.
What was Willis conclusion?
The edsucation system fails to produce ideal compliant workers for the capitalist system.
What are the Ao3 for Willis?
-small sample size
-romantisized them and made them look good
-gender bias
What does marketization policies do?
creates a competitive climate among schools.
