Intermolecular Forces/phase Diagram

Question 1

Gas

Answer 1

Far apart

Question 2

Liquid

Answer 2

Closer than gas, longer than solid

Question 3

Solid

Answer 3

Short

Question 4

Changes in physical states

Answer 4

When a molecules changes states, distance between atoms or molecules changed

Question 5

Intermolecular forces

Answer 5

Hold the molecules or atoms together

Question 6

London dispersion forces

Answer 6

Non-polar molecules (no dipole moment)
Causes a temporary dipole moment
Weakest attraction

Question 7

Long dispersion and trends in Nobel gases

Answer 7

As molar mass increases, # of e- increases which means the London dispersion forces become stronger. Boiling point increases harder to break

Question 8

Dipole-dipole forces

Answer 8

Occur in polar molecules
Permanent dipoles interact with permanent i pole of neighbors
2nd strongest bonds

Question 9

Hydrogen bonding

Answer 9

Special requirements: one of three most electronegative atoms (N,O,F) need to be bonded to hydrogen

Question 10

Why is hydrogen bonding the strongest

Answer 10

When it looses its valence e-, it has no other and therefore the proton is exposed making it a direct attraction to the protein

Question 11

Requirements for hydrogen bonding

Answer 11

1. H directly bonded to N,O,F

2. Electronegative atom must have a lone pair