Bonding General Concepts Flashcards
Types of chemical bonds
Chemical bonds are forces that hold groups of atoms together and make them function as a unit
Why do chemical bonds happen
The attraction of atoms for the extra electrons and the very strong metal attractions of oppsitively charged ions provide driving forces for the process
Ionic bonding
The bonding forces that produce the greatest stability by the attraction of the closely packed and oppositely charged ions
Involves a metal that looses electrons relatively easily and an atom with high electron affinity
What happens if the atoms are too close
The bonds are too strong
What happens if the atoms are too close
Strong repulsion’s occure
What happens if atoms are too far
Attractions are weak and no bonding occurs
Polar covalent bonds
In which the electrons are not shared equally because3 one atom attracts them more
Why certain atoms exhibit higher electron affinity
Attributed to the concept because of electro negativity
Electronegativity
The ability of an atom in a molecule to attract shared electrons to itself
What happens if two electrons have the same electronegativity
Delta is zero
Dipole moment
A property of molecules whose charge distribution can be represented by a center positive charge and a center of negative charge
Bod polarity of H20
Oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen
Electrons reside close to the oxygen
Water is depolarization compound with a dipole moment
Types of molecule that don’t have dipole moment
- liners molecules with two identical bonds
- planar molecules with three identical bonds
- tetrahedral molecules with four identical bonds at 109.5
how do non-metallic atoms acquire the configuration of noble gases
Sharing electrons with other non-metals
Taking electrons from metals to form anions
How do metals acquire the configuration of noble gases
They loose their valence electrons to the non-metals
How can you predict chemical formulas for ions compounds
Metal looses electrons Nonmetals gain 1A looses one 2A looses two 6A gains two 7A gains one
Size of ions
Cation (positive charge) decreases because they loose electrons
Anion (negative charge) increases the size because they gain electrons
Isoelectrons
Same electrons configuration but different sizes
Comparing sizes in isoelectric cases
The size of an ion decreases as the number if protons increases because there is more favorable proton-electron interactions
