intelligence Flashcards
how is intelligence defined by spearman?
a general reasoning ability
what is the definition of abilities?
the cognitive traits implicated in solving problems
what are the two classes of intelligence theories?
factor analytic
information processing
what do factor analytic theories focus on?
identifying the ability or groups of abilities that constitute intelligence
what do info processing theories focus on?
identifying the specific mental processes that constitute intelligence
what did spearman’s two factor theory propose?
the existence of a general intellectual factor that is partially tapped by all other abilities
what did thurstone argue?
that g was a statistical artefact arising from the mathematical procedures used to study it
what did thurstone propose?
that intelligence is defined by seven, independent, primary mental abilities
what were thurstones abilities?
verbal comprehension reasoning perceptual speed numerical ability word fluency associative memory spatial visualisation
what was guilfords model?
structure of intellect model with 120 independent factors
what was gardners model?
theory of multiple intelligences
what were gardner’s intelligences?
logical-mathematical bodily-kinethetic linguistic musical spatial interpersonal intrapersonal
what did cattell propose?
that the g factor breaks into fluid intelligence and crystalised intelligence
what were horn’s broad ability factors?
quantitative knowledge short term memory visual processing auditory processing long term retrieval processing speed correct decision speed reading/writing
what is carroll’s model?
three sratum thoery of cognitive abilities
what is the top stratum?
general ability
what is the second stratum?
broad abilities
what is the third stratum?
narrow abilities
what are primary abilities or first order factors?
factors that emerge when the correlations between a battery of tests covering the spectrum of abilities are subjected to factor analysis
what are the second order factors?
fluid and crystallised intelligence then a host of lesser abilities
what are third order factors?
inductive reasoning, visualisation, quantitative reasoning and verbal ability
what factors does the stanford-binet test?
fluid reasoning knowledge quantitative reasoning visual spatial processing working memory
what does the stanford binet yield?
a full scale IQ
abbrieviated battery IQ score
verbal IQ score
non verbal IQ sore
what is the WAIS made up of?
subtests designated as either core or supplemental
what factors does the WAIS focus on?
verbal comprehension
perceptual reasoning
working memory
processing speed
what does the raven’s matricies measure?
ability to make sense of complexity and store/reproduce information
what does ravens matrices test?
fluid intelligence
what are the mil-hill and crichoton scales?
vocabulary tests
what do the scales test?
crystallised intelligence
what does the culture fair test test?
tasks that seem to reflect experiences, knowledge and skills common to different cultures
