Intellectual Disabilities

Question 1

What is ID?

Answer 1

Deficits in Intellectual functioning defined as IQ less than 70

Must have developmental aeitiology (<18 y/o)

Question 2

Borderline ID IQ?

Answer 2

Ranges between 70-84

Mental age 12-15 years

Question 3

Mild ID?

Answer 3

Mental age (9 to <12 years)
Most common ID 
Delayed speech but uses everyday speech 
Full independence but struggles with some activities (initiative etc)
IQ= 70-50

Question 4

Moderate ID?

Answer 4

IQ range = 35-49, mental age 6-<9 years
Slow with comprehension and language
Limited achievements
Delayed self-care and motor skills
Simple practical tasks can be done under supervision
-Usually fully mobile and physically active

Question 5

Severe ID?

Answer 5

IQ= 20-34, mental age 3-<6 years

-Marked impairmnet

Question 6

Profound ID?

Answer 6

IQ >20
Severe limitation in ability
Little-no self care
Sever mobile restriction

Question 7

ID aetiology?

Answer 7

Disparate disease process

disease which don’t have same effect on everyone who gets them

Question 8

Examples of causative conditions for ID?

Answer 8

Chromosomal abnormalities: prader willi, downs, edwards

Genetic: Tuberous sclerosis, congenital hypothyroidism, phenylketonuria

CNS malformation: Microcephaly, macrocephaly

Prenatal factors: Maternal infection rubella, CMV, Toxoplasmosis, drugs, alcohol

Perinatal factors: Neonatal septicaemia, pneumonia, meningitis, birth injury, resp distress, hypoglycaemia

Postnatal factors: CNS infections, vascular accidents, head injury, CP, epilepsy

Question 9

Comorbidities and ID?

Answer 9

• 26 times more likely to have epilepsy
• 8 times more likely to have severe mental illness
• 5 times more likely to have dementia
• 3 times more likely to have hypothyroidism
• Twice as likely to have diabetes, heart failure, CKD or stroke
• Depressive disorder
o 3 times as common