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AnP I > Integumentary System III > Flashcards

Integumentary System III Flashcards

1
Q

What are the types of sebaceous (oil) glands?

A
  1. Simple branched alveolar glands

2. Sebaceous follicles

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2
Q

What are simple branched alveolar glands associated with?

A

Hair follicles and not found in hairless skin

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3
Q

What do Sebaceous follicles do?

A

Discharge sebum (lipid secretion) directly onto skin surface

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4
Q

What are Sebaceous follicles not associated with?

A

Hair

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5
Q

Where are Sebaceous follicles mostly found?

A

Face, chest and back

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6
Q

Where are Apocrine sweat glands found?

A

Armpits and eyelids

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7
Q

How do Apocrine sweat glands secrete products into hair follicles?

A

Via merocrine secretion

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8
Q

Why is the sweat secreted smelly?

A

The sticky, cloudy

secretions produced feed bacteria causing the odour

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9
Q

What are Apocrine sweat glands surrounded by?

A

Myoepithelial cells

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10
Q

What do Myoepithelial cells do?

A

squeeze secretion out in response to hormonal or nervous system

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11
Q

What are Merocrine sweat glands?

A

Coiled, tubular glands
that discharge directly
onto skin surface

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12
Q

How is the distribution of Merocrine sweat glands like?

A

Widely distributed on skin surface

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13
Q

What is the composition of the sweat produced by Merocrine sweat glands?

A

99% water

plus salt, etc

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14
Q

What are some of the diverse functions of Merocrine sweat glands?

A
  • Protection from environment hazard
  • Maintenance of pH
    through secretions of
    water and salt
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15
Q

What are some other Integumentary glands?

A
  1. Mammary glands: Produce milk

2. Ceruminous glands: Produce cerumen (earwax) which protects the eardrum from foreign particle

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16
Q

What glands do the Autonomic nervous system (ANS) control?

A

Sebaceous gland and

apocrine gland throughout body at the same time

17
Q

What glands have precise control with local effects and work with CVS to regulate body temperature?

A

Merocrine (eccrine) glands

18
Q

When does Repair of the integument occur?

A

When bleeding occurs resulting in a skin injury

19
Q

How does Repair of the integument occur?

A
  1. Inflammatory Phase
  2. Migratory Phase:
  3. Proliferation Phase
20
Q

What occurs during the Inflammatory Phase?

A
  • Bleeding occurs

- Mast cells trigger inflammatory response

21
Q

What occurs during the Migratory Phase?

A
  • Formation of Scab
  • Cells of Stratum Basale migrating along edges of wound
  • Phagocytic activity (Macrophage & Fibroblast)
  • Clotting begins
22
Q

What occurs during the Proliferation Phase?

A
  • Collagen fiber meshwork
    produced by fibroblast
  • Phagocytic activity almost ended
  • Fibrin clot dissolving
23
Q

What occurs during the Scarring Phase?

A
  • Scab has been shed
  • Epidermis is complete
  • Fibroblasts continue to create scar tissue
24
Q

When does the Inflammatory Phase occur?

A

Immediately after skin injury

25
Q

When does the Migratory Phase occur?

A

A few hours after skin injury

26
Q

When does the Proliferation Phase occur?

A

A week after skin injury

27
Q

When does the Scarring phase occur?

A

A few weeks after skin injury

28
Q

Does the Repair of the Integument continue after the Scarring phase?

A

Yes, number of capillaries decline, noncellular scar tissue is produced and a raised keloid may form

29
Q

What are the different types of Burns?

A
  1. First-degree burns
  2. Second-degree burns (partial thickness burns)
  3. Third-degree burns (full thickness burns)
30
Q

What layer of the skin does 2nd degree burn affect?

A

Epidermis and dermis (lower layer of skin)

31
Q

What layer of the skin does 3rd degree burn affect?

A

Go through the dermis and affect deeper tissues (epidermis and dermis destroyed)

32
Q

What are the symptoms of burns?

A
  • Blisters
  • Pain
  • Peeling skin
  • Red skin
  • Shock Swelling
  • White or charred skin
33
Q

What are some common symptoms of 3rd degree burns?

A
  • Dry and leathery skin
  • Black, white, brown, or yellow skin
  • Swelling
  • Lack of pain because nerve endings have been destroyed
34
Q

How do we treat 3rd degree burns?

A
  1. Early cleaning and debriding
  2. IV fluids (electrolytes) or oral antibiotics
  3. Antibiotic ointments or creams
  4. Warm, humid environment
  5. Pain medications
  6. Skin grafting
  7. Functional and cosmetic reconstruction
  8. Tetanus shot
35
Q

What are the effects of Aging on the skin?

A
  • Epidermal thinning
  • Decreased numbers of dendritic cells
  • Decreased vitamin D3 production
  • Decreased melanocyte activity
  • Decreased glandular activity
  • Reduced blood supply
  • Decreased function of hair follicles
  • Reduction of elastic fibers
  • Decreased hormone levels
  • Slower repair rate

AnP I (9 decks)

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