Integumentary System Flashcards
What is the integumentary system composed of?
Hair,skin, nails and glands
What are the primary functions of the skin?
Temperature regulation, protection, vitamin D production, excretion, and sensation
What are the two main parts of the skin?
Epiderm’s and dermis
What is the hypodermis composed of?
Areolar and adipose tissues, blood vessels, and nerve endings
What are the four main cell types in the epidermis?
Keratinocytes, melanocytes, Langerhans cells , merkel cells
What is keratinisation?
A process where basal cells move to the surface, changing shape and chemical composition, forming keratinised layers
What are the layers of the epidermis → superficial to deep
Stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum basale
What ara the two regions of the dermis?
Papillary and reticular regions
What structures are embedded in the dermis?
Blood vessels, nerves, glands and hair follicles
What is erythema?
Redness of the skin caused by engorged capillaries due to exercise, infection, or allergic reactions
How does chemotherapy affect hair ?
It disrupts the life cycle of rapidly dividing hair matrix cells, leading to hair loss
What are pressure ulcers, and how are they caused?
Sores caused by prolonged pressure, leading to a deficiency in blood flow and tissue damage
What layer of the epidermis contains Melanocytes and Merkel discs?
Stratum basale
What layer of the dermis contains Meissner’s corpuscles (they are sensitive to touch)
The papillary region
Why don’t epidermal wounds bleed?
The epidermis is avascular → meaning They lack blood vessels
