integumentary system Flashcards
what is a birthmark?
a skin anomolie that appears at birth
are birthmarks dangerous?
no. most birthmarks are safe and cause no threat
what are the 2 types of birthmarks?
vascular and pigmented
what is a macular stain?
a vascular birthmark that is faintly red and appears by the eyes (think macula)
what is a hemangioma ?
a vascular birthmark that is also called a strawberry.
are hemangioma’s dangerous?
no. most are not dangerous but they can interfere with eyesight if not careful
what is a port wine stain?
a vascular birthmark that appears usually on the face, neck, or chest.
what does a port wine stain look like?
like someone spilled a bottle of dark red wine on your skin
what is a café au lait spot?
a pigmented birthmark with the color of coffee with milk
what is the worry behind café au lait spots?
if there are large, lots of spots, there could be neurofibrosis
what are mongolian spots?
flat, blueish gray spots that manifest close to the back or buttocks
what is albinism?
a disorder that causes a lack of melanin production in the skin
what are some effects of albinism?
hair color changes, eyesight issues
what is vitiligo?
when patches of skin experience hypopigmentation
what is the patho behind vitiligo?
patches of skin’s melanocytes either die or don’t make melanin anymore
what happens to skin as it ages?
the elasticity weakens, the moisture fades, perception also goes down
what is a skin tag?
a flesh colored mass that is usually benign
how can we remove skin tags?
cryotherpy, surgery, or cutting
what is contact dermatitis?
when an irritant or allergen is exposed to the skin and a reaction thus happens
what are some irritants of contact dermatitis?
plants, moisturizers, perfumes, etc
what are some manifestations of contact dermatitis?
pain, redness, erythyma
what is atopic dermatitis?
eczema and it usually has a pattern of inheritance.
is eczema chronic or acute?
chronic and it usually manifests in childhood and resolves before adulthood but this can vary from person to person
what is uticaria?
also known as hives, these are red, raised areas of the skin usually caused by a type 1 hypersensitivity
can hives be the result of things other than food?
yes. anxiety and stress can also cause hives
what is psoriasis?
a buildup in the epidermis that causes patchy lesions
how do we treat skin infections with bacteria?
we use agent specific antibiotics
what is cellulitis?
an infection of the skin that is usually caused by coming into contact with broken skin and bacteria
what is necrotizing fascitis?
a rare but serious disorder in which toxins are released into the skin and the skin cells begin to break down and die
what is hsv-1?
viral cold sores
what is verrucae/
warts caused by human to human skin contact?
what is shingles?
a virus that lies dormant until it is activated years later. it manifests with pain, rash, and erythyma
