Integumentary: Examination Flashcards
Pruitus
- Itching
- Common in:
- Diabetes
- Drug Hypersensitivity
- Hyperthyroidism
Urticaria
- Allergic réponse to drugs or infection
Xeroderma
- Excessive dryness of skin with shedding of epithelium
- Can indicate deficiency in thyroid function, diabetes.
Nails: Clubbing
- Thickened and rounded nail end with spongy proximal fold.
Nails: Clubbing: Indicative of
- Crohn’s Disease
- Cardiac cyanosis
- Lung hypoxia
- Ulcerative colitis
- Biliary cirrhosis
- Neoplasm
- GI involvement
Nails: Clubbing: Testing
- Schamroth’s window test used to assess for clubbing by placing the same nail from both hands back to back and observing for a diamond shaped gap between he nails.
- With clubbing the diamond will not be present.
Nails: Splinter Hemorrhages
- Small areas of bleeding under nails that look like splinters.
- Potentially indicative of cardiac or renal signs.
Nails: Leukonychia
- Indicate systemic issues
Stemmer’s Sign
- Thickened fold of skin at the base of the second toe or second finger that can be pinched or lifted, an early diagnostic indication of primary lymphedema.
Changes in Skin Color: Cherry Red
- Palmar erythema could indicate liver or renal issues
Changes in Skin Color: Cyanosis
- Slightly blueish, grayish, slate colored discoloration
Changes in Skin Color: Cyanosis: Indicative of
- Lack of oxygen
- Congestive heart failure
- Advanced lung disease
- Congenital heart disease
- Venous obstruction
Changes in Skin Color: Pallor
- Lack of color/paleness
Changes in Skin Color: Pallor: Indicative of
- Anemia
- Internal Hemorrhage
- Arterial insufficiency
- Syncope
- Chills
- Shock
- Vasomotor instability
Changes in Skin Color: Yellow: Indicative of
- Jaundice
- Liver disease
- Sclera of Eyes, Lips, Skin
Changes in Skin Color: Liver Spots
- Brownish Yellow spots
Changes in Skin Color: Liver Spots: Indicative of
- Aging
- Uterine and liver malignancies
- Pregnancy
Changes in Skin Color: Brown: Indicative of
- Venous insufficiency
- Hemosiderinosus
Changes in Skin Color: Vitiligo: Indicative of
- Immune disorder that causes white patches in skin to develop due to destruction of melanocytes.
Temperature: Abnormal Heat
- Indicative of febrile conditions
- Hyperthyroidism
- Mental excitement
- Excessive salt intake
Temperature: Abnormal Cold
- Poor circulation or obstruction
- Vasomotor spasm
- Venous or arterial thrombosis
- Hyperthyroidism
Hyperhidrosis
- Increased perspiration
Hypohidrosis
- Dry skin
- Later stages of diabetes mellitus
Hair: Hypothyroidsm
- Thinning Hair
