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National Physical Therapy Examination: Integumentary > Integumentary: Dressings > Flashcards

Integumentary: Dressings Flashcards

1
Q

Films: What it is

A
  • Clear adhesive, semipermeable membrane
  • Permeable to air and moisture
  • Non permeable to Water, bacteria, and environmental contamination
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2
Q

Films: What they do

A
  • Cover shallow wound beds

- Autolytic Debridement

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3
Q

Films: What types of wounds to use them on

A
  • Stage 1 and II pressure ulcers (shallow wound beds)
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4
Q

Films: What types of wounds NOT to use them on

A
  • Wounds with fragile surrounding skin or infected wounds
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5
Q

Films: Wet/Dry Wounds

A
  • N/A
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6
Q

Films: Main Advantages

A
  • Visual examination possible
  • Protects against external fluids and bacteria.
  • Promotes autolytic debridement
  • Minimize friction
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7
Q

Films: Main Disadvantages

A
  • Non absorptive
  • May cause maceration
  • Not to be used on wounds with depth, undermining, or tunneling.
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8
Q

Films: Considerations

A
  • Secondary dressing not required
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9
Q

Hydrocolloids: What it is

A
  • Adhesive wafers that contain hydro active absorptive particles that interact with wound fluid to form a gelatinous mass over wound bed.
  • Occlusive or semi-occlusive
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10
Q

Hydrocolloids: What they do

A
  • Cover shallow wounds with scant /small exudate
  • As secondary dressing with alginate or hydrofiber.
  • ## PROVIDE A MOIST ENVIRONMENT FOR FIBRINOLYSIS
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11
Q

Hydrocolloids: What types of wounds to use them on

A
  • Partial thickness wounds
  • Autolytic debridement
  • Wounds with mild exudate
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12
Q

Hydrocolloids: What types of wounds NOT to use them on

A
  • Not recommended for wounds with heavy exudate, sinus tracts, infections.
    No recommended for wounds that expose bones or tendons.
  • Not recommended for words with fragile surrounding skin
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13
Q

Hydrocolloids: Wet/Dry Wounds

A
  • Hydrocolloids should be used to moisten dry wounds or maintain moist environments in wounds that are already moist.
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14
Q

Hydrocolloids: Main Advantages

A
  • Maintains a moist environment

- Autolytic debridement

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15
Q

Hydrocolloids: Main Disadvantages

A
  • Yellow drainage on removal

- Odor on removal

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16
Q

Hydrocolloids: Considerations

A
  • Characteristic Odor+Yellow exudate on removal normal.
  • Change every 3-7 days based on leakage
  • Avoid in wounds that are infected or have tracts
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17
Q

Hydrogels: What it is

A
  • Water or glycerine based gels.
  • Insoluble in water
  • Absorptive capacity varies
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18
Q

Hydrogels: What they do

A
  • Hydrate
  • Insulate
  • No residue left behind
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19
Q

Hydrogels: What types of wounds to use them on

A
  • Partial and full thickness wounds (Full thickness is distinguishing factor between hydrocolloids and hydrogels)
  • Wounds with necrosis and slough
  • Burns and tissue damaged by radiation
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20
Q

Hydrogels: What types of wounds NOT to use them on

A
  • Do not use Hydrogels on wounds with heavy exudate.

- Do not use sheet form on infected ulcers.

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21
Q

Hydrogels: Wet/Dry Wounds

A
  • Used to rehydrate/moisten dry wounds.
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22
Q

Hydrogels: Main Advantages

A
  • Rehydrate dry wounds
  • Autolytic debridement
  • Some absorption
  • Amorphous form can be used with present infection
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23
Q

Hydrogels: Main Disadvantages

A
  • Require a secondary dressing
  • May adhere to surrounding wound bed
  • May macerate surrounding skin
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24
Q

Hydrogels: Considerations

A
  • Sheet form works well for partial thickness ulcers.
  • Sheet form can promote growth of yeast
  • Dressing change every 8-48 hours
  • Skin barrier wipes on surrounding skin can decrease the chance of maceration.
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25
Foams: What they are
- Semi permeable membranes that are either hydrophilic or hydrophobic
26
Foams: What they do
- Insulate+protect wounds - Manage minimal to heavy exudate - Can be used primary or secondary
27
Foams: What types of wounds to use them on
- Partial and full thickness wounds with minimal to moderate exudate (Exudate being what distinguishes them from Hydrocolloids and Hydrogels). - Secondary dressing with packing to provide additional absorption. -
28
Foams: What types of wounds to NOT use them on
- No to be used with wounds with dry eschar or wounds with no exudate - Poor conformability with wounds that are deep
29
Foams: Wet/Dry Wounds
- Foam should be used on wound that are wet or very wet. | - Foams should NOT be used on wounds that are dry.
30
Foams: Main Advantages
- Insulate+protect wounds - Manage minimal to heavy exudate - Can be used primary or secondary
31
Foams: Main Disadvantages
- Non transparent - Non adherent - May cause desiccation and maceration
32
Foams: Considerations
- Change every 1-5 days as needed for leakage | - Protect intact surrounding skin to prevent maceration
33
Alginates and Hydrofibers: What it is
- Alginates: Soft, absorbent, non woven dressings, derived from seaweed that react with wound exudate to to form a viscous hydrophilic gel mass over the wound area. Hydrofibers: Same as alginates by composed of polymer
34
Alginates and Hydrofibers: What they do
- Absorbs from wounds with HEAVY exudate. | - Support debridement
35
Alginates and Hydrofibers: What types of wounds to use them on
- Wounds with moderate to large amounts of exudate - Wounds with combined exudate and necrosis - Wounds that require packing and absorption - Infected and non-infected exuding wounds.
36
Alginates and Hydrofibers: What types of wounds NOT to use them on
- Not recommended for dry or LIGHTLY exuding wounds. | - Can dry wound bed
37
Alginates and Hydrofibers: Wet/dry wounds
- Should be used on very wet wounds for purposes of drying exudate. - Should not be used on dry wounds as it may over dry. - Can be combined with alginate in wet wounds to create balance between drying and hydration
38
Alginates and Hydrofibers: Main Advantages
- Absorbs from wounds with HEAVY exudate. - Support debridement - Can be used in infected wounds
39
Alginates and Hydrofibers: Main Disadvantages
- Require secondary dressing - Can dry wound bed - May desiccate wound - Can macerate
40
Alginates and Hydrofibers: Considerations
- May use gauze or transparent film as secondary dressing | - Change schedule varies from every 8 hours to every 2-3 days.
41
Gauze: What it is
- Made of cotton or synthetic fabric that is absorptive and permeable to water and oxygen - Can be used with several other agents.
42
Gauze: What it does
- Several tasks
43
Gauze: What types of wounds to use them on
- Exudative wounds - Wounds with dead space, tunneling, or sinus tracts - Wounds with a combination exudate or necrotic tissue
44
Gauze: What types of wounds to use them on: Wet to Dry
- Mechanical debridement of necrotic tissue and slough
45
Gauze: What types of wounds to use them on: Continuous Dry
- Heavily exudating wounds
46
Gauze: What types of wounds to use them on: Continuous Most
- Protection of clean wounds - Autolytic debridement of slough or eschar - Delivery of topical needs
47
Gauze: What types of wounds to NOT use them on
- Avoid direct contact with granulating tissue.
48
Gauze: Wet/dry wounds
- Can be used on varying wet/dry wounds | - Can be combined with moistening agents to keep wounds moist
49
Gauze: Main Advantages
- Can be used on infected wounds - Good mechanical debridement if properly used - Filler for large wounds - Effective delivery of topicals if kept moist
50
Gauze: Main Disadvantages
- Delay healing if used improperly - Require secondary dressing - Increased infection rates when compared to semi occlusive. - Leaves behind microfibers creating a chronic inflammatory state
51
Gauze: Considerations
- Pack loosely. Tight packing compromises blood flow - Continuous roll for packing large wounds to insure complete removal. - Can macerate - Wide mesh=Debridement - Fine Mesh=protection
52
Specialty Dressings: When to use
- When conventional dressings do not show signs of aiding healing of wound. - Partial thickness should heal 1-2 weeks - Full thickness should heal 2-4 weeks
53
Specialty Dressings: Main Advantages
- Reduced abnormal biological activity in wounds.
54
Specialty Dressings: Main Disadvantages
- Expensive | - May not be readily available
55
Specialty Dressings: Considerations
- Application precautions specific to product
56
Collagen: What it is
- Protein found in connective tissues that comes in various dressings.
57
Collagen: What it does
- Stimulates fibroblasts
58
Collagen: What types of sounds to use them on
- Recalcitrant wounds
59
Collagen: What types of wounds NOT to use them on
- Do not use on necrotic wounds
60
Collagen: Wet/dry Wounds
- Dry wounds=Pre- moistened collagen | - Wet wounds=Collagen of granulated
61
Collagen: Main Advantages
- Low risk of allergic reaction
62
Collagen: Main Disadvantages
- Requires secondary dressing
63
Collagen: Considerations
- May require moisture additive
64
Antimicrobial Dressings
- Silver | - Iodine
65
Antiseptics
- Dakins solution - Acetic Acid - Povidone Iodine - Chlorhexadine
66
Peri-wound Protection
- ZInc Oxide | - Petroleum

National Physical Therapy Examination: Integumentary (35 decks)

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