Integumentary Dysfunction Flashcards
1
Q
Impetigo
A
-
Usually starts w/ a little crack
> running nose
> chapped lip - Staph infection of the skin
- Begins as a sore (vesicle) and then it ruptures
- Dry, honey colored crust
-
Antibiotics
> topical or oral
2
Q
Scabies
A
- Caused by scabie mite as female burrows into epidermis to deposit eggs & feces (tunnel into skin)
- Common in day cares
-
Unbelievable itching (pruritus)
> cool baths, compresses
> no freezer packs/ice directly on skin - Inflammation occurs 30-60 days later
3
Q
Scabies - Treatment
A
- Topical treatment includes scabicides such as permethrin 5% or lindane
- Oral treatment includes Ivermectin if body weight > 15kg
4
Q
Pediculosis Capitis (head lice)
A
- Infestation of scalp is common in school-age children
- Adult louse lives only 48hrs w/out human host; female louse has potential life span of 30 days
- Female lice lay eggs (nits) at base of hair shaft
- Nits hatch in 7-10 days
5
Q
Pediculosis Capitis (head lice) - Treatment
A
- Pediculicides & removal of nits
- Prevent spread & recurrence
- Return to school at 1 wk after tx started
6
Q
Diaper Dermatitis - Patho
A
-
Usually caused by irritation from urine & feces
> usually acidic -
Detergents inadequately rinsed from clothing
> use a detergent free from dye & fragrance -
Chemical irritation
> esp from chemicals in diapers & wipe - Candidiasis of diaper area
- Response to illness, teething
7
Q
Diaper Dermatitis - Nursing Considerations
A
- Alter wetness, pH, & fecal irritants
- Change diaper often
8
Q
Diaper Dermatitis - Treatment
A
- Clean really well
- Rinse
- DRY
-
Apply barrier cream
> zinc oxide, desitin
9
Q
Contact Dermatitis
A
- A skin reaction from contact w/ certain substances
- Irritants: these cause direct skin irritation & inflammation, they are the most common cause of contact dermatitis
- Allergens: these cause the body’s immune system to have an allergic reaction, the body releases defense chemicals tht cause skin symptoms, allergens are a less common cause of contact derrmatitis
10
Q
Contact Dermatitis - Common Causes
A
- Soaps, detergents, food, metals, posion ivy, neomycin, latex, cold
- Incrd risk if child has atopic dermatitis (eczema)
11
Q
Atopic Dermatitis
A
-
Eczema
> chronic - Superficial skin inflammation & intense itching
-
Allergic component
> hereditary -
Exacerbations
> irritant, skin infections, allergens
12
Q
Atopic Dermatitis - Treatment
A
- Hydration
-
Lotions
> barrier, hydrate, steroid - Dcring pruritus
13
Q
Therapeutic Management of Pruritus
A
- Most common complaint w/ skin lesions
- Cooling baths or compresses
-
Prevent scratching
> mittens/covering for younger children
> short nails
> antipruritic meds - Hydrate skin
-
Relieve pruritus
> hydrocortisone -
Reduce inflammation
> diphenhydramine (benadryl) - Prevent/control secondaru infection
14
Q
Acne
A
-
Predominantly in adolescents
> most prevalent pediatric skin condition (peaks 14-19) - Neonatal acne clears up around 1yr
- Self-limiting
- Mild, moderate, & severe
15
Q
Acne - Therapeutic Management
A
- General measures/overall health
-
Medications
> oral vs topical
