Congenital Disorders Flashcards
1
Q
Developmental Dysplasia of Hips (DDH)
A
-
A variety of disorders resulting in abnormal development of hip structures tht can affect infants or children
> typically in utero, can form if baby is carried improperly
> happens in breeched babies - Diagnosed w/ hip ultrasound
2
Q
Developmental Dysplasia of Hips (DDH) - Assessment Findings
A
- Hip joint laxity
- Shortened limb on affected side
- Restricted abduction of hip on affected side
- Unequal gluteal folds when prone
- Positive Ortolani test
- Positive Barlow test
- Galeazzi sign
3
Q
Developmental Dysplasia of Hips (DDH) - Therapeutic Managenemt
A
- Importance of early intervention
-
Diagnosis at birth - 6 months: Pavlik harness for abduction of hip
> want tendons to become stronger - Diagnosis at 6 - 24 months: closed reduction & spica cast
- Older child/after 2yrs: open reduction, tenotomy, osteotomy; correction is very difficult after age 4
4
Q
Clubfoot
A
Complex deformity of ankle & foot
5
Q
Clubfoot - Intervnetions/Care Management
A
- Treatment begins as soon as possible after birth
- Manipulation & casting
- Surgical intervention may be necessary
- Monitor for pain & monitor neurovascular status of toes
6
Q
Clubfoot - Goal
A
Goal of treatment is for child to have ability to walk painlessly on sole of foot w/ heel on ground and for foot to be stable
7
Q
Scoliosis
A
- Most common spinal deformity
-
Complex spinal deformity in 3 planes
> lateral curvature
> spinal rotation, causing rib asymmetry
> thoracic hypokyphosis - May be congenital or develop during childhood
-
Treatment at 20% curvature
> 40-45%: pain, touble breathing, surgery
8
Q
Scoliosis - Therapeutic Management
A
- Team approach
- Prevention/exercise
- Bracing
- Concerns of body image
- Concerns of prolonged treatment of condition
-
Surgical intervention for severe curvature
> instrumentation & fusion
> Harrington rods
> Luque rods - Preoperative care/postop care
