Integumentary

Question 1

Epidermis

Answer 1

Protection
Permeability
Sensory

Question 2

Dermis (Papillary Layer)

Answer 2

Superficial Dermis
- Nourishes Epidermis
- Capillaries and Axons
- Physical attaches to epidermis

Question 3

Dermis (Reticular Layer)

Answer 3

Deep Dermis
- Dense irregular connective tissue
- Hair follicles
- Sweat glands
- Sebaceous glands

Question 4

Hypodermis

Answer 4

Subcutaneous Layer
- Adipose Tissue
- Major Blood Vessels

Question 5

Cutaneous Plexus

Answer 5

Artery / Vein
- Regulates temperature
- Maintain constant flow to tissues

Question 6

Subpapillary Plexus

Answer 6

Smaller blood vessels

Question 7

Hair Follicles

Answer 7

Protect skull
Delicate touch sensations

Question 8

Exocrine Glands

Answer 8

Thermoregulation
Excrete Wastes
Lubricate epidermis

Question 9

Nails

Answer 9

Protect and support fingers and toes

Question 10

Epidermis Cells (Keratinocytes)

Answer 10

Produces Keratin
- Tough Protein

Question 11

Epidermis Cells (Melanocytes)

Answer 11

Produce Melanin
- Pigment

Question 12

Epidermis Cells (Merkel Cells)

Answer 12

Sensory Cells

Question 13

Epidermis Cells (Langerhans Cells)

Answer 13

Wandering Macrophages

Question 14

Epidermis Layers (Deepest to Superficial)

Answer 14

Stratum Basale
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Corneum

Question 15

Stratum Basale

Answer 15

Basal Cells
- Melanocytes
- Undergo active reproduction
- Deepest Layer

Question 16

Stratum Spinosum

Answer 16

Langerhans Cells
- Keratinocytes bound by desmosomes
- Tonofibrils (Collagen) associated with desmosome

Question 17

Stratum Granulosum

Answer 17

Keratinocytes
- Keratin production
- Excess produces calluses

Question 18

Stratum Lucidum

Answer 18

Palms of Hands
Soles of Feet

Question 19

Stratum Corneum

Answer 19

Interlocking, Dehydrated, Dead Cells
- Physical Barrier
- Superficial Layer

Question 20

Thick Skin
- How many layers?
- Where?

Answer 20

• 5 Layers
• Palm of Hands, Soles of Feet

Question 21

Thin Skin
- How many layers?
- Where?

Answer 21

• 4 Layers (No Stratum Lucidum)
• Found on rest of body besides palm and sole

Question 22

Dermal Ridges

Answer 22

Fingerprints
- Stratum Germinativum forms dermal ridges
- Ridges extend into dermis

Question 23

Dermal Papillae

Answer 23

Ridges formed from Stratum Germinativum which extend into dermis

Question 24

Factors of Epidermis that control skin colour

Answer 24

Dermal Blood Supply
Melanin and Carotene
Thickness of Stratum Corneum

Question 25

Carotene

Answer 25

Can convert to Vit A - Vit A needed for synthesis of visual pigments in photoreceptors of eye

Question 26

Melanin

Answer 26

Produced and stored in melanosomes within melanocytes - Creates natural skin colour to protect against UV

Question 27

Melanocyte Activity

Answer 27

Exposure to too much UV causes enough stress to trigger a protective response --> Triggers Melanin production

Question 28

Interwoven Collagen Fibers

Answer 28

Tensile Strength

Question 29

Elastic Fibers

Answer 29

Stretch and Recoil

Question 30

Where is hair found?

Answer 30

Everywhere except: - Palm - Soles - Side of fingers/toes - Lips - Parts of Genitalia

Question 31

Arrector Pili Muscle

Answer 31

Contraction of these muscles result in goose bumps

Question 32

Root Hair Plexus

Answer 32

Nerves that detect movement of hair and send impulses to brain (For Sensory)

Question 33

Function of Hair

Answer 33

- Protect from UV - Insulation - Guards entrance to eye/nose - Sensory

Question 34

Types of Hair (Lanugo)

Answer 34

Unpigmented Hair - Covers fetus after 3 months of development

Question 35

Types of Hair (Vellus)

Answer 35

Covers most of body

Question 36

Types of Hair (Terminal)

Answer 36

Covers Head Makes up the eyebrows Makes up the eyelashes

Question 37

Hair Colour Controlled by?

Answer 37

Melanin - More Melanin = Darker Hair - Lack of Melanin + Air Bubbles in Hair Shaft --> Grey Hair

Question 38

Hair Cycle

Answer 38

Each Hair Follicle undergoes a hair growth cycle Club hair is lost and a replacement is produced

Question 39

Male/Female Pattern Baldness cause?

Answer 39

Change in sex hormones

Question 40

Skin Gland Functions

Answer 40

- Lubricate Epidermis - Excrete waste - Thermoregulation

Question 41

Apocrine Glands

Answer 41

Sweat Gland that produces odorous sweat secretion, may be used for communication - Complex Composition

Question 42

Eccrine Glands

Answer 42

AKA Merocrine Sweat Gland that produces sweat for cooling (sensible perspiration) - Found all over body - Lots in Palms and Soles - Watery Composition

Question 43

Ceruminous Glands

Answer 43

Sweat Gland - Special Type of Apocrine Gland - Produce Cerumen (Earwax) - Provide protection for ear

Question 44

Mammary Glands

Answer 44

Sweat Gland - Type of Apocrine Gland - Produce milk - Controlled by pituitary gland and hormones

Question 45

Sebaceous Glands

Answer 45

Secretes Sebum - Lubricates Skin - Found everywhere besides palms and soles - Lots found on head, forehead, upper back

Question 46

Acne (Cause?)

Answer 46

Blockage Sebaceous Glands

Question 47

Typical Sebaceous Gland

Answer 47

Secretes Sebum into Hair Follicles - Lubricates Hair Follicle

Question 48

Sebaceous Follicles

Answer 48

Large Sebaceous Glands - Lubricates Skin Directly

Question 49

Folliculitis

Answer 49

Bacteria causes inflammation of Sebaceous Follicles

Question 50

Nail Body

Question 51

Nail Root

Question 52

Lateral Nail Groove

Question 53

Eponychium

Question 54

Hyponychium

Question 55

Lunula

Answer 55

F

Question 56

Free Edge

Question 57

Proximal Nail Fold