EENT

Question 1

Accessory Structure of Eye

Answer 1

Palpebrae
Eyelashes
Lacrimal Apparatus

Question 2

Palpebrae

Answer 2

Eyelids

Question 3

Conjunctiva

Answer 3

Epithelial Lining of Eyelid
- Covers inside lining
- Covers outer lining

Question 4

Palpebral Conjunctivia

Answer 4

Inner Lining of Eyelids

Question 5

Bulbar Conjunctivia

Answer 5

Outer Lining of Eyelids

Question 6

Pink Eye

Answer 6

Inflammation of Conjunctiva
–> Conjunctivitis

Question 7

Tarsal Plate

Answer 7

Supports eyelids

Question 8

Lacrimal Caruncle

Answer 8

Gland

Question 9

Palpebral Fissure

Answer 9

Gap between eyelids

Question 10

Orbicularis Oculi

Answer 10

Closes both eyelids

Question 11

Levator Palpebral Superioris

Answer 11

Raises upper eyelid only

Question 12

What are Eyelashes associated with?
What does this associated structure do?

Answer 12

Tarsal Glands
Secretes sebaceous secretions to keep eyelids from sticking together

Question 13

Lacrimal Apparatus

Answer 13

Lacrimal Glands produce Tears
- Alkaline
- Contains Lysozyme and Antibodies

Question 14

Layers of Eye

Answer 14

Fibrous Layer (Outermost)
Vascular Layer
Inner Layer

Question 15

Fibrous Layer
- Contains?
- Function

Answer 15

Sclera and Cornea
- Transparent and Avascular

• Provides protection
• Provides attachment for muscle

Question 16

Vascular Layer
- Contains
- Function

Answer 16

Iris, Ciliary Body, Choroid
- Controls shape of lens
- Regulates the amount of light

Route for blood vessels and lymphatics
- Supplies tissue of eye
- Has drainage site to accomodate for aqueous fluid production

Question 17

Vascular Layer (Ciliary Body)

Answer 17

Ciliary Muscles that connect to the lens
- Contracts / Relaxes to change shape of lens

Question 18

Vascular Layer (Iris)

Answer 18

Blood Vessels, Pigment, Smooth Muscles
- Two layers of smooth muscle which contract to change diameter of pupil

Question 19

Sphincter Pupillae (Iris)

Answer 19

Contraction reduces diameter of pupil

Question 20

Dilator Pupillae (Iris)

Answer 20

Contraction enlarges the pupil

Question 21

Vascular Layer (Choroid)

Answer 21

Highly Vascularized
- Inner part attaches to outer part of Retina

Question 22

Retina (Pigmented Layer)

Answer 22

Outer Layer of Retina
- Light is absorbed here before it passes through the neural layer

Question 23

Retina (Neural Layer)

Answer 23

Inner Layer of Retina

Question 24

Retina (Macula)

Answer 24

Contains only cones

Question 25

Retina (Fovea Centralis)

Answer 25

Center of macula, best colour vision when object is focused on Fovea Centralis

Question 26

Retina (Optic Disc)

Answer 26

Where optic nerve exits eye - No rods/cones here - If object is focused here = no vision --> Blind Spot

Question 27

Vitreous Body

Answer 27

Posterior Cavity - Vitreous Chamber - Puts pressure on retina, if not enough pressure neural layer of retina detaches from posterior wall

Question 27

Aqueous Humor

Answer 27

Anterior Cavity - Anterior Chamber - Posterior Chamber - Nutrient/Waster Transport - Fluid cushion for cornea

Question 28

Layers of the Ear

Answer 28

External Ear Middle Ear Internal Ear

Question 29

External Ear (Auricle)

Answer 29

AKA: Pinna Directs sound into ear

Question 30

External Ear (External Acoustic Meatus)

Answer 30

Tunnel Small Hairs stop insects Ceruminous glands produce ear wax

Question 31

External Ear (Tympanic Membrane)

Answer 31

Ear Drum Separates external from middle ear

Question 32

Middle Ear (Tympanic Cavity)

Answer 32

Filled with air

Question 33

Middle Ear (Auditory Ossicles)

Answer 33

Bones: - Malleus, Incus, Stapes

Question 34

Middle Ear (Auditory Tubes)

Answer 34

Connects tympanic cavity to nasopharynx - Equalizes air pressure

Question 35

Internal Ear (Bony Labyrinth)

Answer 35

Protects the Membranous Labyrinth

Question 36

Internal Ear (Membranous Labyrinth)

Answer 36

Inside Bony Labyrinth Contains: - Hair Cells - Supporting Cells Endolymph

Question 37

Internal Ear (Perilymph)

Answer 37

Separates Bony Labyrinth and Membranous Labyrinth

Question 38

Bony Labyrinth Subdivisions

Answer 38

Hearing: Cochlear Duct Vestibullar Complex Equilibrium: Semicircular Canals (Rotation) Utricle (Gravity) Saccule (Linear Acceleration)