Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Health Assessment > Integument chap 30 (585-594) > Flashcards

Integument chap 30 (585-594) Flashcards

1
Q

The integument includes what parts of the body?

A

The integument includes skin, hair, and nails.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Pungent body order may be related to what causes?

A

hyperhidrosis (excessive perspiration), poor hygiene, or bromhidrosis (foul-smelling perspiration)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Inadequate circulating blood or hmg and subsequent reduction in tissue oxygenating may cause the skin to have what coloring

A

pallor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where is pallor most evident?

A

Pallor is most evident in areas with the least pigmentation such as the conjunctiva, oral mucous membrane, nail beds, palms of hands, and soles of feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Pts w/dark skin may have pallor…

A

characterized by the absence of underlying red tones in the skin most readily seen in the buccal mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Pts w/brown skin may have pallor…

A

characterized as a yellowish brown tinge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pts w/black-skinned may have pallor…

A

characterized as ashen grey skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cyanosis, a bluish-tinge is most evidenced where on the body:

A

Nail beds, lips, and buccal mucosa (dark-skinned pts may show it in the lining of the eyelids, palms, and soles of their feet) is called:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

jaundice (some dark-skinned pts may have a normal yellow tinge to their sclera) is a yellowish tinge first evident where in the body:

A

Sclera of the eyes and then the mucous membranes of the skin (also assess the the posterior part of the hard palate for yellow coloring).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Skin redness associated w/rashes or other conditions is called:

A

erythema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

A birthmark is defined as what type of pigmentation?

A

hyperpigmenation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Vitiligo is defined as what type of pigmentation?

A

Vitiligo are patches of hypopigmentation caused by the distruction of melanocytes of the area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The presence of excess interstitial fluid that may appear swollen, shiny, and taut and tends to blanch the skin color or reddened if inflammation is present is called:

A

edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Impaired venous circulation and in some cases reflects cardiac dysfunction or venous abnormalities can be seen as what type of edema?

A

generalized edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A skin lesion that appears initially in response to some change in the external/internal environment is called?

A

primary skin lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

A skin lesion that does not appear initially but result from chronicity, trauma, or infection of a skin lesion is called:

A

secondary skin lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A primary skin lesion that’s flat, unelevated change in color from 1mm-1cm (freckles, measles, flat moles, vitiligo, rubella) is called:

A

macule/patch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

A primary skin lesion that’s circumscribed, solid elevation of skin less than 1cm (warts, acne, pimples, elevated moles) are called:

A

papules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

A primary skin lesion that’s larger than 1cm (psoriasis, rubeola) is called

A

plaque

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

A primary skin lesion that has a circumscribed border, elevated, solid hard mass that extends deeper into the dermis, and are 0.5-2cm (squamous cell carcinoma, fibroma) is called:

A

Nodule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

A primary skin lesion that has an irregular border, elevated, solid, hard mass that extends deeper into the dermis and can be larger than 2cm (malignant melanoma, hemangioma) is called:

A

tumor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

A primary skin lesion that’s a vesicle or bulla filled w/pus (acne vulgaris, impetigo, chronic pustular psoriasis) is called?

A

pustule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

A primary skin lesion that’s circumscribed, round or oval, thin translucent mass filled w/serous fluid or blood, and less than 0.5 cm (herpes simplex, early chic pox, small burn blister) is called:

A

vesicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

A primary skin lesion that’s circumscribed, round or oval, thin translucent mass filled w/serous fluid or blood, and that are larger than 0.5 cm (large blisters, herpes simplex, 2nd degree burns) is called:

A

Bullae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

A primary skin lesion that’s elevated, encapsulated, fluid-filled or semisolid mass arising from subcutaneous tissue or dermis, and can be 1cm or larger (chalazion of the eyelid) is called:

A

cyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

A primary skin lesion that’s reddened, localized collection of edema fluid, irregular in shape, and size varies (hives, mosquito bites) is called?

A

Wheal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

A secondary skin lesion that’s translucent, paper-like, sometimes wrinkled skin surface resulting from thinning or wasting away of the ski due to collagen/elastin loss (striae, aged skin) is called:

A

atrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

A secondary skin lesion that’s wearing away of the superficial epidermis causing a moist, shallow depression that heals w/o scarring (due to no extending into the dermis; scratch marks, ruptured vesicles) is called:

A

erosion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

A secondary skin lesion that’s rough, thickened, hardened area of epidermis resulting from chronic irritation such as scrating or rubbing (chronic dermatitis) is called:

A

lichenification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

A secondary skin lesion that shows shedding flakes of greasy, keratinized skin tissue with color being either white, gray, or silver with a thck or fine texture (dry skin, dandruff, psoriasis, eczema) is called:

A

scales

31
Q

A secondary skin lesion that contains dry blood, serum, or pus left on the skin surface when vesicles/pustules bursts; can be red-brown, orange, or yellow and can be scabs (eczema, impetigo, herpes, scabs) is called

A

crusts

32
Q

A secondary skin lesion that’s deep, irregularly shaped area of skin loss extending to the dermis or subcut that may bleed or leave a scar (pressure ulcers, stasis ulcers, chancres) is called:

A

ulcers

33
Q

A secondary skin lesion that’s a linear crack w/sharp edges extending into the dermis (cracks at the corner of the mouth/hands, athlete’s foot) is called:

A

fissure

34
Q

A secondary skin lesion that’s flat, irregular area of connective tissue left after a lesion or wound has healed. New lesions are red/purple; older lesions are silvery-white (healed surgical wound/healed acne) is called:

A

scar

35
Q

A secondary skin lesion that’s elevated, irregular, darkened area of excess scar tissue caused by excessive collagen formation during healing that extends beyond the site of original injury (ear piercing site that’s healed and elevated) with an higher incidence in African-American descent is called:

A

keloid

36
Q

What’s the scale for grading edema?

A

1+=2mm; 2+=4mm; 3+=6mm; 4+=8mm

37
Q

When assessing for temp generalized hyperthermia and generalized hypothermia will result from:

A

generalized hyperthermia=fever/generalized hypothermia=shock

38
Q

When assessing for temp, localized hyperthermia and localized hypothermia will result from:

A

Localized hyperthermia=infection/localized hypothermia=arterosclerosis

39
Q

When assessing for skin turgor (fullness/elasticity), if the pinched skin does not spring back immediately or stays pinched what could it mean and how do you assess it?

A

Turgor that doesn’t spring back normally could mean dehydration and should be counted in seconds how long the skin remains tented

40
Q

Where on an older adult would you assess for skin turgor?

A

on the sternum or clavicle

41
Q

What may you normally find on the back of hands (or other areas exposed to the sun) of older adults during assessments?

A

senile lentigines/melanotic freckles which are flat, tan to brown color due to sun exposure

42
Q

Warty lesions w/irregularly shaped borders & scaly surface often occur on the face, shoulders, and trunk; benign and range from yellowish to tan and progress to drk brown or back are called:

A

seborrheic keratosis

43
Q

Skin lesions that are commonly seen in the neck and axillary regions that vary in size and often flesh-colored are called:

A

cutaneous tags

44
Q

When describing lesions, note the: type of structure, size/shape/texture, color, distribution, and configuration.

A

Type of structure (primary or secondary lesion); Size/Shape/Texture (note size in mm, whether it’s circumscribed or irregular, round or oval shaped, flat/elevated/depressed, solid/soft/hard/thickened); Color (no discoloration/one color/several colors-when color changes are limited to the edges of the lesion, they are described as circumscribed or over the edge, then irregular); Distribution (location on the body); Configuration (arrangement of lesions: annular=arranged in a circle, clustered=grouped together, linear=arranged in a line, indiscrete=merged together…)

45
Q

When assessing the hair, pts w/kwashiorkor (severe protein deficiency) how will the hair appear?

A

hair color may be faded, reddish or bleached, and the texture will be course or dry.

46
Q

Hair loss (may be cause by some therapies) is called?

A

alopecia

47
Q

Hypothyroidism (or other disease, medications, conditions) may affect the hair in what way?

A

Hair may be very thin and brittle (can be oily or dry)

48
Q

Abnormal hairiness is called?

A

hirsutism

49
Q

When assessing nails, you see a convex shape with the nail plate angle at about 160 degrees. this finding is:

A

normal

50
Q

When assessing nails, you see a spoon shape nail. This finding is:

A

abnormal could be anemia

51
Q

When assessing nails, you see nail beds at a flattened angle of about 180 degrees. This finding is:

A

abnormal; early clubbing (may be seen in pts w/COPD)

52
Q

When assessing nails, you see a nail bed greater that 180 degree angle. This finding is:

A

abnormal, late clubbing that may be caused by long-term O2 lack (may be seen in pts w/COPD)

53
Q

When assessing nails, you see horizontal lines on the nail bed. this finding is:

A

abnormal, may result from severe injury or illness

54
Q

If the nail abnormality in which the nail curves upward from the nail bed and may be seen w/pts who are anemic is called?

A

spoon shaped

55
Q

If the nails show a bluish/purplish tint they reflect what? If the nail bed shows a pallor color, they reflect what?

A

A bluish tint reflects cyanosis. A pallor color reflects poor arterial circulation

56
Q

A hx of nail fungus is called?

A

onychomycosis

57
Q

An inflammation of the tissue surrounding the nail (caused by an ingrown nail) is called?

A

paronychia

58
Q

To check the peripheral circulation, what test do we perform on the nails?

A

A blanch test for cap refill; 2 seconds or less is normal, anything greater than 2 indicates circulatory problems

59
Q

White spots on the nails indicate what? Spoon shaped nails indicate what? bands across the nails indicate what?

A

White spots=zinc deficiency; spoon-shape=iron deficiency; bands=protein deficiency

60
Q

What skin condition is scaly, raised, red, extends to joints, can be genetic, caused by internal factors in the body?

A

psoriasis

61
Q

What skin condition dry patches of skin, can appear as small raised spots/blisters, caused by external factors?

A

eczema

62
Q

Assessment of the skin involves what examination techniques:

A

inspection and palpation

63
Q

You’re assessing the integumentary of a 2 day old newborn and you notice jaundice of the skin. This finding is:

A

Called physiological jaundice; normal (if jaundiced appeared 2-3days AFTER birth) and may last for a week

64
Q

You’re assessing the integumentary of an infant born 6 hours ago and you notice jaundice of the skin. This finding is:

A

Called pathological jaundice; abnormal and indicative of a disease (usually appears 24 hrs of birth and may last 8 days)

65
Q

You’re assessing the integumentary of a dark-skinned infant and you noticed what appears to be bruising on the sacral area. This finding is:

A

May be normal due to hyperpigmentation of the sacral area in dark-skinned infants and children

66
Q

How do you assess skin turgor of an infant:

A

Pinch the skin of the abd

67
Q

Why and where do wrinkles occur in older adults:

A

Wrinkles occur due to loss of elasticity and begins on the face and neck

68
Q

Why does the skin appear thin and translucent on older adults:

A

loss of dermis and subcut

69
Q

Visible, bright red, fine dilated bld vessels that occurs due to thinning of the dermis and loss of support of vessel walls is called:

A

telangiectasias usually occurs in older adults

70
Q

You’re assess the integument of a pt over 50 and you notice pink-reddish lesions with indistinct borders around the face, back of one hand, and some on the arm. This finding is:

A

Called actinic keratoses; normal in pts older than 50 but can become malignant if left untreated

71
Q

The medical term for bruising is:

A

ecchymosis

72
Q

You’re assessing the nails of an older pt and you notice longitudinal lines with some nail splits along some of the lines. This finding is:

A

normal in older adults

73
Q

What are the ABCDs of detecting skin cancer:

A

A=asymmetry (one half of mole should match the other half), B=border (shouldn’t be irregular, ragged, or notches), C=color (no patches of different colors in mole), D=diameter (if the diameter is greater than 3 mm, needs to be checked)

Health Assessment (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions