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KN 251 Final Review > Integument > Flashcards

Integument Flashcards

1
Q

Name the two layers of the integument

A

Epidermis and dermis

NOT the hypodermis!

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2
Q

What type of epithelial tissue is the epidermis?

What function does it serve?

A

Thick keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Protection

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3
Q

A cell type that is the deep layer of the epidermis, and is mitotic (divides)

A

Keratinocytes

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4
Q

The cells of the basal layer of the epidermis

What do they manufacture?

A

Melanocytes

Melanin

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5
Q

Where is melanin transferred from the melanocytes along cytoplasmic projections?

A

Keratinocytes

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6
Q

The immune system cell (white blood cell) of the epidermis

Where are they manufactured?

A

Langerhan’s Cells

Bone Marrow

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7
Q

Sensory receptor cells that are associated with a nerve ending in the epidermis

A

Merkel Cells

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8
Q

How often is new epidermis generated?

A

Every 35-45 days

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9
Q

Mitotic——> Non-mitotic
Keratin synthesis ——> Keratin modified
Access to blood supply ——-> No access
Living Cells —–> Non-living Cells

A

Trends from deep to superficial in the epidermis

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10
Q

The deepest and youngest layer of the epidermis that is mitotic. Contains melanocytes

A

Stratum Germinativum

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11
Q

2nd layer of the epidermis with spiny projections, prickle cells. Contains keratinocytes

A

Stratum Spinosum

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12
Q

3rd layer of the epidermis that contains granules, is a water proofing layer.

*The last cells of the epidermis to be nourished by the blood

A

Stratum Granulosum

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13
Q

The 4th layer of the epidermis that is only present in thick skin of the palms and hands

A

Stratum Lucidum

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14
Q

The 5th layer of the epidermis, or the final layer, that is thickened and protective, and flakes off (cornified)

A

Stratum Corneum

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15
Q

The strong connective tissue layer of the integument

A

Dermis

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16
Q

What 3 fibers bind together the dermis?

What synthesizes them?

A

Collagen, Elastin, Reticular

Fibroblasts

17
Q

The thin, superficial layer of the dermis that touches the epidermis and contains blood vessels.

A

Papillary Layer

18
Q

What are the projections and indentations of the papillary layer called?

Where are dermal ridges visible?

A

Papillae

The hands and feet

19
Q

The deep, dense irregular connective tissue layer of the dermis

A

Reticular Layer

20
Q

Formed by collagen bundles, binds water, has elastin,

What can we visibly see when collagen tears?

A

Reticular Layer

Stretch marks (striae)

21
Q

Name the color pigments

A

Melanin
Carotene (yellowish)
Hemoglobin (red)

22
Q

This appendage is a layer of dead keratinocytes, made of hard keratin that is more durable because of sulfur bonds

A

Hard Keratin

23
Q

What determines the shape of the hair?

What determines the color?

A

The shape of the shaft

Melanocytes at the base of the follicle

24
Q 
What is the outer layer of the hair follicle?
Middle layer (colored layer)?

Inner layer

A

Cuticle
Cortex
Medulla

25
Q

Where does the hair follicle shaft extend to?

A

Dermis/Hypodermis

26
Q

What supplies the blood to the hair follicle?

What causes goosebumps?

A

Papillae

Arrector Pili Muscle

27
Q

A modification of epidermis made of hard keratin and a matrix

A

Nails

28
Q

What layer of epidermis is the nail?

What layer of epidermis is the Nail Matrix?

A

Stratum Corneum

Stratum Germinitivum

29
Q

What is the function of sweat glands?

Sweat is formed as a filtrate of…

A

Temperature Regulation

Blood

30
Q

Coiled and tubular glands.

Open on much of body but concentrated in skin of palms, forehead, soles of feet

A

Eccrine Glands

31
Q

Glands located in axillary and anogenital regions.

Larger than eccrine glands and ducts empty into hair follicles. Lie deeper in dermis/hypodermis

A

Apocrine Glands

32
Q

These glands secrete, sweat, fat, and proteins. They are odorless and begin function at puberty.

NOT involved in temperature regulation and are controlled by the sympathetic nervous system

A

Apocrine Glands

33
Q

Wax producing glands

Glands that secrete milk

A

Ceruminous

Mammary Glands

34
Q

Alveolar holocrine glands located everywhere but palms of hands or feet. They are an outgrowth of hair follicles.

They secrete sebum by accumulating oily liquids then burst.

Hormonal stimulation acne occurs here, a staph infection that can be treated with antibiotic

A

Sebaceous

KN 251 Final Review (9 decks)

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