Integument Flashcards
Name the two layers of the integument
Epidermis and dermis
NOT the hypodermis!
What type of epithelial tissue is the epidermis?
What function does it serve?
Thick keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Protection
A cell type that is the deep layer of the epidermis, and is mitotic (divides)
Keratinocytes
The cells of the basal layer of the epidermis
What do they manufacture?
Melanocytes
Melanin
Where is melanin transferred from the melanocytes along cytoplasmic projections?
Keratinocytes
The immune system cell (white blood cell) of the epidermis
Where are they manufactured?
Langerhan’s Cells
Bone Marrow
Sensory receptor cells that are associated with a nerve ending in the epidermis
Merkel Cells
How often is new epidermis generated?
Every 35-45 days
Mitotic——> Non-mitotic
Keratin synthesis ——> Keratin modified
Access to blood supply ——-> No access
Living Cells —–> Non-living Cells
Trends from deep to superficial in the epidermis
The deepest and youngest layer of the epidermis that is mitotic. Contains melanocytes
Stratum Germinativum
2nd layer of the epidermis with spiny projections, prickle cells. Contains keratinocytes
Stratum Spinosum
3rd layer of the epidermis that contains granules, is a water proofing layer.
*The last cells of the epidermis to be nourished by the blood
Stratum Granulosum
The 4th layer of the epidermis that is only present in thick skin of the palms and hands
Stratum Lucidum
The 5th layer of the epidermis, or the final layer, that is thickened and protective, and flakes off (cornified)
Stratum Corneum
The strong connective tissue layer of the integument
Dermis
What 3 fibers bind together the dermis?
What synthesizes them?
Collagen, Elastin, Reticular
Fibroblasts
The thin, superficial layer of the dermis that touches the epidermis and contains blood vessels.
Papillary Layer
What are the projections and indentations of the papillary layer called?
Where are dermal ridges visible?
Papillae
The hands and feet
The deep, dense irregular connective tissue layer of the dermis
Reticular Layer
Formed by collagen bundles, binds water, has elastin,
What can we visibly see when collagen tears?
Reticular Layer
Stretch marks (striae)
Name the color pigments
Melanin
Carotene (yellowish)
Hemoglobin (red)
This appendage is a layer of dead keratinocytes, made of hard keratin that is more durable because of sulfur bonds
Hard Keratin
What determines the shape of the hair?
What determines the color?
The shape of the shaft
Melanocytes at the base of the follicle
What is the outer layer of the hair follicle? Middle layer (colored layer)?
Inner layer
Cuticle
Cortex
Medulla
