Chemistry Comes Alive

Question 1

<p>A physiological system requires two things....</p>

Answer 1

<p>Matter and Energy</p>

Question 2

<p>Matter that has a defined shape and volume
Matter that has defined volume, no shape
No defined volume or shape</p>

Answer 2

<p>Solid
Liquid
Gas</p>

Question 3

<p>The capacity to do work</p>

Answer 3

<p>Energy</p>

Question 4

<p>Energy used to produce work

Stored energy, not currently being used to produce work</p>

Answer 4

<p>Kinetic

Potential Energy</p>

Question 5

<p>Energy Stored in chemical bonds and concentration differences</p>

Answer 5

<p>Chemical</p>

Question 6

<p>Energy stored charges, ions</p>

Answer 6

<p>Electrical</p>

Question 7

<p>Energy of a directly moving object</p>

Answer 7

<p>Mechanical</p>

Question 8

<p>Energy that travels in waves</p>

Answer 8

<p>Radiant</p>

Question 9

<p>Energy involved in molecular movement</p>

Answer 9

<p>Thermal</p>

Question 10

<p>Variable mass numbers due to different number of neutrons. Used in nuclear medicine, decay of radioactive particle; marker for activity</p>

Answer 10

<p>Isotopes</p>

Question 11

<p>2 or more atoms. Can have the same or different elements.

2 or more DIFFERENT elements</p>

Answer 11

<p>Molecule

Compound</p>

Question 12

<p>2 or more substances</p>

Answer 12

<p>Mixtures</p>

Question 13

<p>The substance in greatest quantity in a solution, usually its water

The substance in smaller quantity in a solution, usually ions, proteins, carbs, etc.</p>

Answer 13

<p>Solvent

Solute</p>

Question 14

<p>moles/liter</p>

Answer 14

<p>Molarity</p>

Question 15

<p>Number of particles within a solution. May or may not be the same as molarity.

Important in controlling movements of fluids between compartments.</p>

Answer 15

<p>Osmolarity/Osmolality</p>

Question 16

<p>Type of substance where the solute is large, but dissolvable. particles scatter light

Ex) Jello, Cell cytosol</p>

Answer 16

<p>Colloids</p>

Question 17

<p>Mixtures where the solute will settle out unless you repeatedly shake it. Sand in water, blood cells in plasma.</p>

Answer 17

<p>Suspensions</p>

Question 18

<p>A combination of atoms via electron sharing

</p>

Answer 18

<p>Chemical Bonds</p>

Question 19

<p>Outermost electron shell of a given atom. Electrons here can be reactive and form chemical bonds with one another</p>

Answer 19

<p>Valence Shell</p>

Question 20

<p>What happens if the valence shell is full?</p>

Answer 20

<p>The atom is not reactive</p>

Question 21

<p>A bond where one atom donates an electron to the electrical shell of another atom. Forms an anion and a cation.</p>

Answer 21

<p>Ionic Bonds</p>

Question 22

<p>Type of bond where electrons are shared between two atoms</p>

Answer 22

<p>Covalent Bond</p>

Question 23

<p>A covalent bond with equal electron sharing

A covalent bond with unequal sharing, but not an ionic bond</p>

Answer 23

<p>Non-Polar

Polar</p>

Question 24

<p>A bond between slightly charged molecules such as water</p>

Answer 24

<p>Hydrogen Bonds</p>

Question 25

<p>A+B -> AB</p>

Answer 25

<p>Synthesis</p>

Question 26

<p>AB -> A + B</p>

Answer 26

<p>Decomposition</p>

Question 27

<p>AB + C -> AC + B</p>

Answer 27

<p>Exchange</p>

Question 28

<p>Type of reaction that involves an electron donor and an electron recipient.

The electron donor is

The electron acceptor is</p>

Answer 28

<p>Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

Oxidized

Reduced</p>

Question 29

<p>Ionic Bond formation is a type of what kind of reaction?</p>

Answer 29

<p>Ionic Bond Formation</p>

Question 30

<p>A reaction that gives off energy. Like the breakdown of a glucose molecule</p>

Answer 30

<p>Exergonic</p>

Question 31

<p>A type of reaction that absorbs energy. Like the formation of ATP</p>

Answer 31

<p>Endergonic</p>

Question 32

<p>Name the 4 effectors of chemical reactions</p>

Answer 32

<p>Temperature
Particle Size
Concentration
Catalysts</p>

Question 33

<p>With a greater concentration in a chemical reaction, does the reaction proceed slower or faster?</p>

Answer 33

<p>Faster</p>