Integrity: Lung Cancer

Question 1

What are the majority of primary lung tumours?

Answer 1

Carcinomas

Sarcoma, lymphoma and melanoma can be seen but are rare.

The lung is also a common place for metastasis to spread to

Question 2

Is lung cancer heterogenous or homogenous

Answer 2

Heterogenous

• Squamous carcinoma (30-40% and decreasing)
• Adenocarcinoma (40-50% and increasing)
• Small cell carcinoma (20%)
• Others (5%)
• Carcinoid tumours

Question 3

Features of a squamous carcinoma

Answer 3

Question 4

Features of an adenocarcinoma

Answer 4

Evidence of glandular growth pattern or mucin production

Question 5

Features of a small cell carcinoma

Answer 5

Question 6

Features of a carcinoid tumour

Answer 6

Question 7

Class the following genes

k-Ras, cylinD1
Rb
p53

Answer 7

k-Ras, cylinD1 - oncogenes
Rb - tumour supressor gene
p53 - apoptosis regulating gene

Question 8

Stages of development of a squamous carcinoma in the lungs

Answer 8

Question 9

What should I think of when I see PD-L1

Answer 9

Cancer causing an immune response inhibition

Question 10

What is personalised treatment in lung cancer?

Answer 10

This is looking at the specific charicteristics of a persons tumour, working out the sort of mutation that might be causeing it and giving therepie to counteract the actions of those mutations