Int Relations and Deutschland: Gaps in knowledge Flashcards
Opposition to Hitler: Archbishop
The Catholic Archbishop of Munster, von Galen led a successful campaign to end euthanasia of mentally disabled people.
Opposition to Hitler: White Rose group
Formed by Students at Munich University. Published anti-Germany leaflets but were discovered and executed in 1944.
Opposition to Hitler: Edelweiss Pirates
Violent group, beat up Nazi officials.
Opposition to Hitler: Swing Youth
Gathered and played Swing music, not accepted in the society.
Nazi Economic policy?
Full Employment
Beauty of work
Re-armament
Autarky
Full Employment?
The idea that everyone should have a job. By 1939, there was virtually no unemployment in Germany.
Beauty of Work?
The Nazis set up the SdA (Beauty of Work) to help Germans see that work was good, and that everyone who could work should. In fact - because the Nazis had abolished the trade unions, banned strikes, and given more power to the industrialists - real wages fell and hours were longer under Hitler.
Re-armament?
Begun in 1935 - the idea of ‘guns before butter’.
Autarky
There was an unsuccessful attempt at making Germany self-sufficient.
How did Hitler increase jobs?
Stopped paying reparations Rearmament. Jews were sacked Women were sacked Public works
Public works that created jobs?
He also built public buildings such as the 1936 Olympic Stadium. The construction of the autobahns created work for 80,000 men.
What was the RAD?
The labour service in which young men in Germany had to do a six-month compulsory stint. ] and then they were conscripted into the army.
Jews: How many murdered? Calories? Gas Chambers?
6 million
200 Cals a day
2000 in a single gas chamber.
How much money was Marshall plan?
$15 billion.
How much money was the Dawes plan?
500 million marks.
What were the Nuremberg Laws?
Jews could not be citizens. They were not allowed to vote or to marry a German.
Progression of Persecution of the Jews? 1933.
- Boycott of Jewish businesses.
- Jewish civil servants, lawyers and teachers sacked.
- Race Science lessons to teach that Jews are untermensch.
Progression of Persecution of the Jews? 1935
- ‘Jews not wanted here’ signs put up at swimming pools etc.
- Nuremberg laws (15 September) Jews could not be citizens. They were not allowed to vote or to marry a German.
Progression of Persecution of the Jews? 1938
- Jews could not be doctors.
- Jews had to add the name Israel (men) or Sarah (women) to their name.
- Jewish children forbidden to go to school.
- Kristallnacht (9 November) - attacks on Jewish homes, businesses and synagogues.
Kristallnacht? (Night of the broken glass)
- Kristallnacht (9 November) - attacks on Jewish homes, businesses and synagogues.
Progression of Persecution of the Jews? 1939
- Jews were forbidden to own a business, or own a radio.
- Jews were forced to live in ghettoes.
Progression of Persecution of the Jews? 1941
- Army Einsatzgruppen squads in Russia started mass-shootings of Jews.
- All Jews were forced to wear a yellow star of David.
Progression of Persecution of the Jews? 1942
- Wansee Conference (20 January) decided on the Final Solution, which was to gas all Europe’s Jews. The main death camps were at Auschwitz, Treblinka and Sobibor.
What is the Rhineland?
Land that had been taken away in the TofV.
