Insulin and glucagon regulation

Question 1

what is the structure of insulin

Answer 1

amino terminal Beta Chain
Carboxyterminal Alpha chain
Connective C chain

Question 2

describe the process in which insulin is released

Answer 2

stimulated by elevated glucose and amino acid levels
voltage gated Calcium Channels open
influx of calcium into cell
insulin secreted by exocytosis through Glut transport protein

Question 3

why is 2nd phase of insulin release prolonged

Answer 3

production of new insulin

Question 4

what are the functions of insulin

Answer 4

slows metabolism
promote glucose conversion
enhance uptake if glucose
inhibit TAG breakdown
increase protein synthesis

Question 5

what is the structure of glucagon

Answer 5

single chained polypeptide

Question 6

what is the function of glucagon

Answer 6

mobalises glucose from hepatic glycogen
stimulates lipases

Question 7

what are the different hormones secreted by the islets of langerhans and by which cells

Answer 7

glucagon (alpha cells)
insulin (beta cells)
somatostatin (gamma cells)

Question 8

what is the function of somatostatin

Answer 8

inhibits the release of other hormones