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Property Inspection Module 2 > Insulation and Ventilation > Flashcards

Insulation and Ventilation Flashcards

1
Q

An air leak in a supply duct located in an unconditioned attic will cause house air pressure to become ____, since ____ supply air will enter the house than return air that ____ the house.

A

negative/depressurized
less
exits

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2
Q

An air leak in the return duct will ____ the house, since additional air is pulled from the ____ there will be ____ air pressure in the house.

A

pressurize
attic
positive

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3
Q

Crawl space ____ ____ can bring in as much moisture as they remove. ____ crawl spaces are now recommended to reduce crawl space ____ problems.

A

ventilation openings
closed
moisture

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4
Q

Attic ____ problems can sometimes be traced back to the crawl space.

A

moisture

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5
Q

____ insulation comes in rolls and are either ____ ____, which have a ____ ____ such as Kraft paper, foil, or plastic on one side, or ____ ____ which do not have this component.

A

batt (blanket)
faced batts
vapor retarder
unfaced batts

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6
Q

Fiberglass batts range between ____ (standard) to ____ (high density) per inch.

A

R-3 to R-4

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7
Q

Mineral wool and cotton batt insulation are both rated at about ____ per inch of thickness.

A

R-3.7

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8
Q

An unfaced batt does not contain an ____ ____ or ____ ____.

A

air barrier
vapor retarder

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9
Q

____ insulation is made from recycled paper that is treated to become fire retardant. It is usually used as a ____ ____ insulation and has a R-Value of ____ per inch of thickness.

A

Cellulose
loose fill
R-3.5

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10
Q

Cellulose and mineral wool are both ____ than fiberglass, which can cause issues when installed in attics with ___ inches on center framing and/or ___ inch thick drywall ceilings.

A

heavier
24”
1/2”

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11
Q

Sheet and spray foam insulation may need protection from ____ because they are ____. Additionally, they create ____ ____ when burned.

A

ignition
flammable
toxic smoke

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12
Q

Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) foam board has an R-value of about ___ per inch thickness. The permeability of 1” of EPS is about ___. It is therefore a ____ ____ ____. It is also an ____ ____ if the seams are sealed. EPS is also available in loose fill with a value of ___ per inch thickness.

A

R-4
5.0
Class III Vapor retarder
air barrier
R-2.5

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13
Q

Extruded Polystyrene (XPS) foam board insulation is usually ____, ____, or ____ in color. It has an R-value of about ___ per inch thickness and a permeability of ___ per inch. It is therefore a ____ ____ ____. XPS is also an ____ ____ if the seams are sealed.

A

pink, blue, green
R-5
1.1
Class III Vapor retarder
air barrier

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14
Q

Polyisocyanurate or polyurethane are either ____ or ____ in color. They have a layer of ____ ____ or ____ ____ on each side, which makes them ____ ____ ____. They begin with an R-value of ____, however they off-gas over time and this value is reduced to about ____ over time. They both are ____ ____ if the seams are sealed.

A

yellow or orange
foil paper or radiant barrier
Class I Vapor retarders
R-8
R-6
air barriers

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15
Q

Closed cell spray foam, often called ___ lb foam, is an effective ____ ____ and ____ ____ which does not allow the passage of ____ ____. It also adds some ____ rigidity. It’s R-value is about ___ per inch.

A

2 lb
air barrier and vapor retarder
liquid water
structural
R-6

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16
Q

Open cell spray foam, often referred to as ___ lb foam, allows the passage of ____ ____ and is not a ____ ____. It is an effective ____ ____. It’s R-value is about ___ per inch.

A

1/2 lb
liquid water
vapor retarder
air barrier
R-3.7

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17
Q

_____ is a type of volcanic rock made of silica and oxygen. It can be used as insulation and has an R-value of about ____ per inch. It is ____ or ____ in color and has a gravel like appearance. Much of this material is contaminated with _____ and it’s presence should be reported and recommended for _____.

A

vermiculite
R-2.4
gray/brown or silver/gold
asbestos
testing

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18
Q

_____ is similar to vermiculite and appears as a course white gravel. When used as loose fill it has an R-value of about ___ per inch. Unlike vermiculite, it is not contaminated with _____.

A

perlite
R-2.4
asbestos

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19
Q

____ ____ ____ ____ is a type of spray foam used in the 70’s and 80’s that is no longer used in residential applications due to ____ ____ of ____. It is no longer a health concern since the ____ ____has already subsided over time.

A

Urea Formaldehyde Foam Insulation
off gassing of formaldehyde
off gassing

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20
Q

Insulation should be in contact with any ____ ____ to a conditioned space including the ____ ____, ____ ____, or ____ ____.

A

air barrier
wall covering
attic floor
floor sheathing

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21
Q

____ should be installed at ventilation openings to prevent insulation from ____ the openings.

A

baffles
blocking

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22
Q

Insulation should be ____ to fit around obstructions or to fit in ____ between studs or joists that are not the same size. Insulation should never be ____ to fit in these areas.

A

cut
spaces/cavities
compressed

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23
Q

Insulation should not contact ____ ____ ____ that are not listed for insulation contact. Examples include ____ ____, ____, and ____ ____.

A

heat generating components
appliance vents
chimneys
recessed lights

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24
Q

____ ____ vapor retarder should not be exposed. It is a fire hazard. Vapor retarders also should not be installed facing ____ ____.

A

Kraft paper
unconditioned space

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25
Q

Do not install ____ vapor retarders, or any at all unless prescribed. Exposed vapor retarders such as foam plastic may be a ____ ____.

A

multiple
fire hazard

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26
Q

A ____ ____ ____ or ____ is required under all exterior wall cladding in new homes.

A

water resistive barrier or WRB

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27
Q

Older homes may have ____ ____ ____ ____ (also called _____) or ____ ____ ____ to serve as a WRB.

A

asphalt saturated Kraft paper
grade D
asphalt saturated felt

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28
Q

All WRB’s, including ____ ____, ____ ____, and ____, should have horizontal seams lapped top over bottom at least ___ inches, and vertical seams lapped at least ___ inches.

A

house wrap, tar/asphalt paper, felt
2”
6”

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29
Q

____ ____ are not insulation and provide no R-value. They simply block infrared radiation so that it doesn’t enter the attic. It is usually a ____ ____ and works best when there is an ____ ____ between it and the surface above.

A

Radiant barriers
reflective foil
air space/gap

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30
Q

_____ deals with heat loss that occurs at openings such as doors and windows. These areas require ____ and ____ to reduce water and air infiltration.

A

fenestration
flashing and air sealing

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31
Q

New air sealing standards often cause new homes to require ____ ____ ____ ____. This may be achieved through ____ or ____ ventilation.

A

whole house mechanical ventilation
intermittent or continuous

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32
Q

Intermittent whole house ventilation is usually achieved through a combination of connecting an ____ ____ ____ to the HVAC return and use of ____ ____ systems, such as in bathrooms and kitchens.

A

outside air duct
local exhaust

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33
Q

When an outside air duct is installed in an HVAC return, an ____ ____ is required to close the system when HVAC is not operating.

A

automatic damper

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34
Q

Continuous mechanical ventilation is achieved by using a ____ ____ ____ ____ (____) or ____ ____ ____ ____ (____). These systems can also be intermittent.

A

Heat Recovery Ventilation Systems
HRV
Energy Recovery Ventilation System ERV

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35
Q

During the heating seasons, ERV’s and HRV’s transfer some of the ____ from ____ ___ to the ____ ____ entering the home.

A

heat from exhaust air
ventilation air

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36
Q

During cooling seasons, ERV’s and HRV’s transfer some to the ____ from ventilation air ____ ____ ____ into the ____ ____ leaving the home.

A

heat
entering the home
exhaust air

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37
Q

HRV’s only transfer ____ between incoming supply and outgoing exhaust air, while ERV’s transfer both ____ and ____, the latter of which has the added benefit of reducing the ____ ____ on the air conditioning system.

A

heat
heat and moisture
latent load

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38
Q

____ ____ ventilation systems operate independently from the HVAC system.

A

fully ducted

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39
Q

____ ____ ventilation systems use exhaust ducts such as those in bathrooms/kitchens to remove pollutants and provides ventilation air through the HVAC return duct.

A

partially ducted

40
Q

____ ____ ventilation systems draws pollutants through the HVAC return duct and then provides ventilation air further downstream in the HVAC return duct.

A

simplified ducted

41
Q

____ may be installed in any climate, however are recommended for cold climates. ____ are recommended for mild climates and not cold climates.

A

HRV’s
ERV’s

42
Q

Mechanical air intake openings should be at least ___ ft horizontally or ___ ft below a chimney, fuel burning appliance vent, plumbing vent, or exhaust termination, and ___ ft from the HRV/ERV exhaust termination.

A

10’
3’
6’

43
Q

Exterior exhaust openings should be at least ___ ft from a door, operable window, or property line. They should also be at least ___ ft horizontally or ___ ft above and a minimum ____ ft away from mechanical air intake openings.

A

3’
10’
3’
6’

44
Q

Exterior ventilation openings should be protected by a ____, ____, or ____.

A

screen, louvers, or grille

45
Q

Air intake for mechanical exhaust should have a ____ which must be ____ ____, as should the ____ ____ ____.

A

filter
maintained regularly
heat exchanger core

46
Q

A ____ ____ ____ is installed in the ceiling and traditionally, when activated ____ in the ceiling will open and it will pull air through open windows and exhaust air into the attic. Newer styles exhaust the air through an opening in the ____ or ____ ____ and use ____ to pull air from an opening in the ceiling.

A

whole house fan
louvers
roof or gable wall
ducts

47
Q

Whole house fans are effective in ____ and ____ climates and less effective in ____ and ____ climates.

A

cool and dry
warm and humid

48
Q

Whole house fans should not be used when a ____ ____ draws ____ air from inside the house. They should not be installed in homes in which the attic may have ____ containing substances such as ____ ____ or any other toxic substance.

A

combustion appliance
combustion
asbestos
vermiculite insulation

49
Q

Whole house fans that exhaust into the attic should have ____ ____. This usually requires the attic to have a ratio of ___ sq ft of net free ventilation area per ___ cubic ft per minute of fan air flow.

A

sufficient ventilation
1 sq ft
750 cu ft

50
Q

____ ____ ____ include those for the kitchen, bathrooms, laundry and clothes dryer. These should not be referred to of as ____, which refers to plumbing and fuel fired appliances.

A

Local exhaust systems
vents

51
Q

All air intake and exhaust terminations should have a ____ which should have openings between ___ and ___. It should also have a ____ that automatically closes when the system is not operating. If connected to HVAC, it should have a ____. Most of these requirements do not apply to ____ ____.

A

screen
1/4” and 1/2”
damper
filter
clothes dryers

52
Q

Clothes dryer exhaust ducts should be ___ inches in diameter, ___ gauge, and made of smooth wall ____. A ____ is not allowed. Ducts sections should be installed so the the small end inserts into the larger end in the ____ ____ ____. Sections should be fastened with rivets or ____ ____ not longer than ___ inch.

A

4”
28 ga
metal
screen
direction of flow
metal screws
1/8”

53
Q

Clothes dryer exhaust duct should be supported every ___ ft or ___ ft for gas dryers. Total developed length should not exceed ___ ft. In calculating developed length you must add ___ ft for 90° bends and ___ ft for 45° bends to the length of the straight sections. This does not include the length of the ____ ____, which may be up to ___ ft in length.

A

12’
4’
35’
5’
2.5’
transition duct
8’

54
Q

Transition duct is the ____ ____ between clothes dryer and ____ ____. It may not be more than ___ ft long and should be as ___ as possible to achieve its purpose. It may not pass through ____, ____, or ____ and may not be ____.

A

flexible duct
exhaust duct
8’
short
walls, ceilings, floors
concealed

55
Q

Clothes dryers and ____ ____ are out of scope of home inspections, however the ____ ____ is not and some inspectors may comment on the ____ ____ as well.

A

transition duct
exhaust duct
transition duct

56
Q

____ ____ located in a closet should be provided an ____ of at least 100 sq in to provide makeup ____.

A

gas dryers
opening
air

57
Q

Clothes dryer exhaust ducts should terminate to the ____not in ____ or ____ ____.

A

exterior
attics
crawl space

58
Q

Clothes dryer exhaust ducts should not terminate within ___ ft of a condenser.

A

3’

59
Q

An ____ ____ is not required in a kitchen, however if installed it should duct to the outdoors unless ____ ____ ____ is provided or there is an ____ ____ nearby.

A

exhaust fan
whole house ventilation
operable window

60
Q

Kitchen exhaust fans should operate at a rate of at least ___ cu ft per minute, and makeup air is required if the rate exceeds ___ cu ft per minute and there is a gas, liquid, or solid ____ ____ ____ inside the home. Exceptions exist for ____ vented and ____ draft appliances.

A

100
400
fuel burning appliance
direct
mechanical

61
Q

Kitchen exhaust ducts above ground should be made of ____ ____ ____ with a ____ ____ surface. Approved materials are _____, _____, and _____.

A

single wall metal
smooth interior
galvanized steel, stainless steel, copper

62
Q

Kitchen exhaust ducts should be equipped with a ____ and a ____ ____.

A

damper
grease filter

63
Q

Local exhaust fans are required in _____ if unless there is whole house mechanical ventilation or the room has an operable window. The fan should operate at a rate of at least ___ cu ft per minute when operated by switch

A

bathrooms
50

64
Q

Bathroom exhaust fans should be exhausted to the ____, however this is a new requirement and ____ homes that are exhausted elsewhere are not necessarily deficient.

A

exterior
older

65
Q

Bathroom exhaust should not be connected to _____ ____ or other ____.

A

plumbing vent
systems

66
Q

Adequate _____ is required in roof structures with or without an accessible attic. This includes ____ ceilings, ____ ____ roofs, and attics above ____ ____. The alternative to this requirement is to ____ the attic area and have it become a ____ ____.

A

ventilation
vaulted
low slope
unconditioned spaces
seal
conditioned space

67
Q

Attic ventilation prevents ____ ____ during ____, helps to remove ____ ____, and reduces attic ____ during ____.

A

ice dams during winter
water vapor
temperature during summer

68
Q

Ridge ventilation openings should not be installed with ____ ventilation openings, as these are competing systems. Instead, ridge vents should be paired with ____ ventilation openings.

A

gable
eave

69
Q

Recessed lights should be ____ ____ and rated for ____ ____ in order to maintain a proper seal and insulation between attic and conditioned space.

A

air sealed
insulation contact

70
Q

The default attic ventilation area requirement is ___ sq ft of net free area for ____ sq ft of attic floor area. This is reduced to ___ sq ft per ___ sq ft floor area in attics using prescribed ratio of ridge and eave openings.

A

1
150
1
300

71
Q

Screens covering ventilation openings should have a maximum opening size of ___ inch. Screens reduce opening area by at least ___ %. Louvers or grilles reduce by at least ___%.

A

1/4”
25%
50%

72
Q

Ridge openings should account for ___ to ___% of attic vent opening area with the remainder at the eaves. Ridge vents should be located at the ____ but may be located no more than ____ feet below the ridge.

A

40-50%
ridge
3’

73
Q

____ should be installed at the eaves or in any roof structure in which insulation may block ventilation air flow. At least a ___ inch space for air flow is required.

A

baffles
1”

74
Q

____ or ____ percentage of ridge vent openings to eave openings will create neutral or slightly pressurized attic, which helps reduce air leakage from the ____ ____.

A

equal or smaller
conditioned space

75
Q

____ should be installed in vaulted ceilings, and those with skylights should have a method of continuous ventilation such as ____ ____ above and below the skylight or ____ the trimmer rafters on each side.

A

Baffles
ventilation openings
notching

76
Q

____ ____ around skylights and recessed lighting in vaulted ceilings could be a sign of ____ caused by poor ventilation. The inspector should recommend evaluation by both a ____ and ____ contractor.

A

moisture/water staining
condensation
roofing and insulation

77
Q

____ ____ are allowed, however they do not vent well and are subject to water intrusion.

A

gable vents

78
Q

A ____ ____ is conditioned space even if there are no HVAC openings inside. ____ and ____ ____ should be installed above or below the roof sheathing, and at gable walls the same as in walls and ceilings in other conditioned spaces of the house.

A

closed attic
insulation
vapor retarders

79
Q

Essential details and improper installations of insulation and vapor retarders in closed attic systems may ____ ____ ____ and inspectors should report this ____ and recommend ____.

A

not be visible
limitation
evaluation

80
Q

Inspectors should confirm that some form of ____ exists under most roof coverings in closed attic systems or ____ that it could not be ____.

A

ventilation
report
confirmed

81
Q

A ____ ____ ____ should not be installed on the attic floor or at the ceiling above a closed attic space.

A

Class I Vapor retarder

82
Q

In cold climates, air impermeable insulation should be a ____ ____ ____ or should have ____ ____ ____ applied to attic ceiling side of the insulation.

A

class II vapor retarder
class III Vapor retarder

83
Q

When air-permeable insulation is used in closed attics in climate zones 1, 2, and 3 a ____ ____ ____ is required. Lack of this is a reportable defect, even in older homes since it can result in long term ____ problems in the attic

A

Vapor diffusion port
condensation

84
Q

Crawl spaces should be either ____ or ____ and inspectors should verify if either is done adequately and if ____ the inspector should advise the client of problems that could arise.

A

ventilated or closed
ventilated

85
Q

Crawl space net free ventilation area may be reduced to ___ sq ft per ___ sq ft of crawl space floor if a ____ ____ ____ is applied to the crawl space floor.

A

1
1500
Class I Vapor retarder

86
Q

It is recommended that most crawl spaces should be ____, except in ____ prone areas.

A

closed
flood

87
Q

The floor of a closed crawl space should have a vapor retarder installed with a minimum thickness of ___ mil, with seams lapped at least ___ inches, which should be ____ or ____ and turned up the crawl space ____ and ____ and ____ there as well. If radon mitigation is required, it should be installed ____ the vapor retarder.

A

6
6”
taped or sealed
walls and piers
sealed
below/before

88
Q

Closed crawl spaces should be provided with ____ ____ at a rate of ___ cu ft per minute per ___ sq ft of crawl space floor. This may be provided by a ____ ____ ____ that exhausts to the ____ or by providing ____ ____ to the crawl space.

A

ventilation air
1
50
continuously operating fan
exterior
conditioned air

89
Q

Conditioned crawl spaces require a ____ ____ ____ to the house interior or some other ____ to the house interior that should be covered by a ____. This component serves to equalize pressures but should not be connected to the ____ ____ ____.

A

pressure relief duct
opening
grille
HVAC return duct

90
Q

Crawl space walls, including framed walls and ____ ____ or ____ ____ should be ____ on either inside or outside of the wall. Access doors should be ____ ____ and ____ the same as other exterior doors. A ____ ____ in the insulation of about ____ inches is required in termite prone areas for termite tubes to be seen.

A

band joists or rim joists
insulated
weather stripped and insulated
small gap
2-3”

91
Q

Although still used by some contractors, ____ ____ with ____ ____ insulation is no longer a recommended method to insulate concrete or masonry foundation walls in any climate.

A

stud walls with fiberglass batt

92
Q

The current recommended method for insulating foundation walls is ____ ____ ____ on the ____ or ____ of the wall. New construction should utilize the ____ ____, since this can be integrated with the ____ system. Retrofitted homes will likely utilize the ____ wall and may use ____ ____ or ____ ____, the latter a better option since ____ ____ will not be necessary.

A

vapor impermeable insulation
interior or exterior
exterior wall
WRB (water resistive barrier)
interior
sheet insulation or spray foam
sealing seams

93
Q

A basement should not be insulated and finished unless there is reasonable certainty that all ____ ____ ____ has been stopped. Any problems with ____, ____, ____, and ____ ____ should be addressed first.

A

liquid water intrusion
grading, drainage, gutters, and landscape irrigation

94
Q

When inspecting finished basements, inspectors should report all evidence of ____ stains and ____ growth, ____, ____ smells, presence of ____, and stained or loose ____ ____.

A

water stains and fungal growth
Rust (drywall and trim nails, exposed metal)
Musty smells
dehumidifier
Stained/loose floor coverings

95
Q

When inspecting finished basements, inspectors should disclaim inspection of ____ ____, such as framing or exterior components, and recommend further ____ and possible ____ testing, which is out of scope for home inspections. Clients should be advised that all basements ____ ____ ____.

A

concealed components
evaluation
destructive
will eventually leak

Property Inspection Module 2 (14 decks)

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