inSp

Question 1

How can you report a statement?

Answer 1

• use direct speech to quote people’s exact word (use inverted commas )
• use reported speech for the exact meaning of what someone said without using the same words (no inverted commas)

Question 2

Which two versions of reported speech do exist?

Answer 2

-report someone’s words either a long time(out-of-date) or a short time(up-to-date) after they were said

Question 3

Which three verbs are used in direct /reported speech?

Answer 3

-say, tell, ask

Question 4

How is say used?

Answer 4

• can be used with or without a personal object (in dir.)
• > used with personal obj: always followed with to (said to me)
• reported speech: no object pronoun (can be followed with that)

Question 5

How is tell used?

Answer 5

-can be used in direct and reported speech and is always followed with a personal object

Question 6

What is the difference between tell and say?

Answer 6

• personal object is in tell always used but not in say (only in direct (not necessary)
• the use of personal object is different (to needed in say):
• > said to me/ told me

Question 7

How is ask used?

Answer 7

-used in report questions and requests, also used in direct questions

Question 8

How do you make a present sentence into reported speech?

Answer 8

• simple present becomes simple past

- >”I play the guitar” He said he played…

Question 9

How do you make a present continuous sentence into reported speech?

Answer 9

-simple present continuous becomes past continuous

Question 10

How do you make a present perfect continuous sentence into reported speech?

Answer 10

-present perfect becomes past perfect

Question 11

How do you make a past sentence into reported speech?

Answer 11

-simple past/ past perfect

Question 12

How do you make a past continuous sentence into reported speech?

Answer 12

-past continuous/ past perfect continuous

Question 13

How do you make a future will sentence into reported speech?

Answer 13

-conditional would

Question 14

Which tense remains the same if you change it into reported speech?

Answer 14

-the past perfect and past perfect continuous

Question 15

How do certain modals change in reported speech? (will, can, may, shall (asking for advise), shall (expressing offers), must (obligation), needn’t

Answer 15

-will-would; can-could; can-could, would be able to( future reference); may-might; shall-should; shall-offer; must-must/had to; needn’t- needn’t, didn’t need to, didn’t have to

Question 16

Which modals do not change?

Answer 16

-would, could, might, should, ought, had better, used to, mustn’t, must does not change if it is about a logical assumption

Question 17

When do the tenses not change in reported speech?

Answer 17

• when the introductory verb (says, tells, etc.) simple present, future, or present perfect ->”I live in Tokyo,” he says. He says that he lives in Tokyo
• when a speaker reports after a short time it was said (up to date reporting)
• the reported sentence deals with type 2/3 conditionals

Question 18

When can the tense be either changed or remained

Answer 18

-when the speaker reports a general truth, a law of nature, or a permanent state