Insect vector control Flashcards
Larviciding
killing larvae
major part of Onchocerciasis Control Programme
Anthropophilic
Describes mosquitoes that prefer to take blood meals from humans.
Endophilic
An endophilic mosquito is a mosquito that tends to inhabit/rest indoors
How do LLIN work?
a.k.a. long lasting insecticide nets
~ insecticide is within net fibres and leaks out very slowly
~ lasts for 5 years
Anopheles, Culex mosquitoes: Insecticide used and major application.
DDT
Residual house spraying
Anopheles, Culex mosquitoes: Insecticide used and major application #2.
Pyrethroids
Impregnated bed nets
Aedes, Culex mosquitoes: Insecticide used and major application.
OPs and pyrethroids
Larviciding, misting, fogging
Glossina tsetse flies: Insecticide used and major application.
Pyrethroids
Traps and targets
Glossina tsetse flies: Insecticide used and major application #2.
DDT, dieldrin and endosulfan
Aerial application and ground spraying
Simulium black flies: Insecticide used and major application.
Temephos
Larvicides (OCP)
Triatoma bugs: Insecticide used and major application.
Deltamethrin
Spraying (SCI)
Genetic resistance
alterations in target site, reducing insecticide binding
e.g. kdr = knock down resistance gene
Metabolic resistance
increases in rate of insecticide breakdown through amplification or modification of enzymes
e.g. esterases, cytochrome P450s
Cross-resistance
Resistance to one or more drugs that occurs as a result of previous exposure to a similar drug
SIT
a.k.a. Sterile insect technique
eradicating flies with gamma ration makes them sterile causing competition between sterile and WT = reduction in no. of flies
