Inorganic bases Flashcards
Strong Ammonia Solution NF
Ammonium Hydroxide, NF
contains 27-30 % w/w NH3. Upon exposure to air, the ammonia evaporates rapidly.
Strong colorless liquid that is extremely pungent.
Specific gravity 0.90.
The hydroxides (and/or insoluble salts) of these metals become soluble in ammonia solution.
Ammonium Hydroxide, NF
Used as Bronsted base in many applications to form ammonium salts of acids.
Ammonium Hydroxide, NF
Used in the manufacture of nitric acid and sodium bicarbonate.
Ammonium Hydroxide, NF
Used in the preparation of Aromatic ammonia Spirit, NF, where it serves as source of ammonia to stabilize the use of ammonium carbonate against hydrolysis.
Ammonium Hydroxide, NF
Monohydrates sodium carboante
Sodium carbonate, NF
Colorless crystal or white crystalline powder. It is odorless and has a strong alkaline taste.
Absorbs small amounts of moisture in the air, in a dry and warm temperature (50oC).
At 100oC it effloresces becoming anhydrous.
Solubility:
3mL H2O
1.8 mL boiling H2O
7 mL of glycerin
Insoluble in alcohol
Sodium carbonate, NF
Used for its basicity in pharmaceutical preparations, forming sodium salts from acidic drugs (ex. Ascorbic acid to Sodium ascorbate).
Sodium carbonate, NF
Calcium hydroxide
Slaked lime
Lime hydrate
Hydrated oxide
Hydrated lime
Calcium hydrate
Soda Lime, NF
Float gas
Low melting temperature
High coefficient of thermal expansion
Easily tempered or toughened
Easily chemically strengthened to provide hard, resistant surfaces.
Poor thermal shock resistance
Low chemical resistance
Soda Lime, NF
Used to absorb carbon dioxide in basal metabolism and in rebreathing anesthesia systems.
Soda Lime, NF
In gas masks, it is also used as an absorbent for toxic gas.
Soda Lime, NF
Used in laboratories as a drying agent.
Soda Lime, NF
Common pain relievers like aspirin, to anticoagulants that can help prevent blood clots, to cholesterol-reducing medications.
Sodium Hydroxide, NF
White crystalline solid
odorless
soluble in water, glycerol and ethanol
Has a higher viscosity than water
Can form several hydrates
Sodium Hydroxide, NF
lye or soda
caustic soda
Sodium Hydroxide, NF
widely used in wet mount preparation of various clinical specimens for microscopic visualization of fungi and fungal elements in skin, hair nils, and even vaginal secretions
Potassium Hydroxide
soluble in water, freely soluble in ethanol, methanol, and glycerin.
Slightly soluble in ether.
Widely used in chemical manufacturing, cleaning compounds, and petroleum refining.
Potassium Hydroxide
Caustic potash
Potassium hydrate
Potassium Hydroxide
Used in topical medical salves, gastric preparations, as a filling agent, neutralizing agent, and pH buffer in various pharmaceutical preparations.
Calcium hydroxide
Has hexagonal crystals
not very soluble in water
This compound tends to lose water and decompose at temperatures
Calcium hydroxide
Hydrated lime
Caustic lime
Builder;s lime
Slaked lime
Cal
Pickling lime
Calcium hydroxide
