Chemical kinetics Flashcards
The study of reaction rates defined by the change in the concentrations of
reactants and products with time.
Chemical kinetics
The __________ in a rate law describe the mathematical
dependence of the rate on reactant concentrations.
Reaction Order
is simply the sum of orders for each
reactant.
overall reaction order
of a reaction is the instantaneous rate at the
start of the reaction (when t = 0).
initial rate
A state in the course of a reversible chemical reaction in which no
net change in the amounts of reactants and products occurs.
CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
is one in which the products, as soon
as they are formed, react to produce the original reactants.
reversible chemical reaction
At equilibrium, the two opposing reactions go
on at equal rates, or velocities, and hence
there is _________ in the amounts of
substances involved.
no net change
At this point the reaction
may be considered to be completed
CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
Acids and bases have a chemical equilibrium in solution. At chemical
equilibrium, the products and reactants have reached a state of _______
balance
Any compound that can transfer a proton to any other compound is an acid,
and the compound that accepts the proton is a base.
Bronsted Lowry Theory:
a substance can function as an
acid only in the presence of a base;
similarly, a substance can function as a
base only in the presence of an acid.
Brønsted-Lowry
scheme
when an acidic substance
loses a proton, it forms a base, called
the __________ of an acid,
Conjugate base
when a basic substance gains a proton,
it forms an acid called the ___________
conjugate
acid of a base.
Determining the acid base equilibrium can help in predicting the products of a
reaction and the relative concentration of the products, as well as aiding in the
Identification of the weaker acid and base
______ Bronsted-Lowry acid are those which have a strong tendency to give a
proton and their corresponding conjugate base is weak.
Strong
