Innate Immunity (PRR)

Question 1

What kind of immunity are PRR’s and PAMP’s associated with?

Answer 1

Innate immunity

Question 2

What are PRR’s a receptor for?

Answer 2

PAMP’s

Question 3

What 3 receptors make up the PRR family?

Answer 3

1) Toll-like receptors (TLR)
2) Nod-like receptors (NLR
3) Rig-Like receptors (RLR)

Question 4

What is the main function of TLR’s?

Answer 4

Send signals to nucleus to secrete cytokines and interferons, which initiates tissue repair.

Question 5

What is the main function of NLR’s?

Answer 5

Detect intracellular microbial pathogens, releasing cytokines and causing apoptosis if cell infected

Question 6

What is the main function of RLR’s?

Answer 6

Detection of intracellular double stranded RNA, triggering interferon production –> Antiviral Response

Question 7

What types of TLR used in vaccine adjuvants?

Answer 7

TLR4 agonists

Question 8

What disease examples caused by PRR failing to recognise pathogens?

Answer 8

1) Atherosclerosis
2) COPD
3) Arthritis

Question 9

What are 3 examples of extracellular PRR?

Answer 9

1) Mannose receptors
2) Scavenger receptors
3) TLR’s

Question 10

What is the role of mannose/scavenger EC receptors?

Answer 10

Inducing pathogen engulfment

Question 11

What happens when PAMP binds to PRR?

Answer 11

Innate immune response and inflammatory response is triggered

Question 12

Where are circulating PRR secreted from?

Answer 12

Epithelia, phagocytes and liver. Activate complement cascade and induce phagocytosis.