Healing, Repair, Thrombosis, Ischaemia, Embolism and Infarction Flashcards
What does viral infection result in?
Cell death due to intracellular multiplication.
What does bacterial infection result in?
The release of exotoxins (involved in the initiation of inflammation) or endotoxins.
What cell can form when several macrophages try to ingest the same particle?
Multinucleate giant cell
How are Resolution and Repair different?
Resolution: Tissue can regenerate as IF removed
Repair: IF present, so tissue stays damaged and doesn’t regenerate
What cell types are capable of Regeneration? (5)
1) Osteocytes
2) Hepatocytes
3) Pneumocytes
4) Blood cells
5) Gut and Skin epithelial cells
What 2 cells can’t regenerate?
1) Myocardial Cells
2) Neuronal Cells
What is an abscess?
Acute inflammation in a fibrotic wall
What is a thrombus? (Thrombosis)
A solid clump of blood components in an intact living vessel
What is an embolus? (Embolus)
A solid clump of components in an intact living vessel that can be lodged and cause a blockage
What is ischaemia?
Decreased blood flow to a component
What is infarction?
Decreased blood flow that causes cell death
Why is thrombus formation relatively uncommon?
1) Blood flow is laminar
2) Non-sticky epithelial cells (Teflon coated)
What 3 factors lead to change causing thrombus formation? (Virchow’s Triad?)
1) Change in Vessel Wall
2) Change in blood flow
3) Change in blood constituents
What are 3 types of skin wound?
1) Abrasion: Scrape -> Scab -> Thin confluent epidermis -> New Epithelium
2) 1st Intention: Exudation of Fibrinogen -> Weak Fibrin -> Epithelia Regenerates and Collagen synthesis
3) 2nd Int: Lose tissue -> Granulation -> Fibrous growth -> Scar (Inc. collagen)
What happens if endothelial cells don’t get enough oxygen?
Become sticky and sites of platelet cohesion –> Clots (Thrombus) due to collagenous lump
