Acute and Chronic Inflammation

Question 1

What is inflammation?

Answer 1

A local physiological response to tissue damage

Question 2

What is the adv and disadv of inflammation?

Answer 2

A: Can fight infection and heal injury
D: Produce disease and cause permanently distorted tissue structure

Question 3

What is exudate?

Answer 3

Protein rich fluid leaking out of vessel walls from increased vascular permeability

Question 4

What are the 2 types of inflammation?

Answer 4

Acute: Short, fast and resolves
Chronic: Slow, long and doesn’t necessarily resolve

Question 5

What are 4 possible outcomes from inflammation?

Answer 5

1. Resolution.
2. Suppuration.
3. Organisation (scar tissue formation).
4. Progression onto chronic inflammation.

Question 6

What are the 6 causes for acute inflammation?

Answer 6

1) Microbe infection
2) Harmful chemicals (Corrosive, acid/alk)
3) Physical Injury (Trauma, burns, frost bite)
4) Hypersensitivity allergic reaction
5) Bacterial Toxins
6) Tissue necrosis

Question 7

What are the 5 signs of inflammation?

Answer 7

1) Redness (Rubor)
2) Swelling (Tumour)
3) Pain (Dolor)
4) Heat (Calor)
5) Loss of function

Question 8

What is the histological confirmation of acute inflammation?

Answer 8

Presence of neutrophil polymorphs

Question 9

What cells are involved in chronic inflammation?

Answer 9

Macrophages and plasma cells (B and T lymphocytes)

Question 10

What are 4 possible causes of chronic inflammation?

Answer 10

1. Primary chronic inflammation.
2. Transplant rejection.
3. Recurrent acute inflammation.
4. Progression from acute inflammation.

Question 11

What is a granuloma?

Answer 11

Lump of macrophage surrounded by lymphocyte

An aggregate of epithelioid histocytes.