Innate Immunity

Question 1

Inter Vs. EC bacteria

Answer 1

Inter - need T help cells bc replicate in Phagocyte (Tb)
EC - encapsulated, pyogenic(pus) and invoke a strong response

Question 2

What is a Chemokine

Answer 2

The Director of cells
CXC_ or CC_ R or L depending (ex. CXCL-8 made by macro to guide neutrophils)

Question 3

What are Cytokines

Answer 3

Communication signals
TNF, InF- gamma, interleukins( wbc comunnication)

Question 4

Adapt or Innate

Answer 4

B,T adapt / rest innate (NK, Basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils, macro, DC, Mast)

Question 5

Lym vs Myloid

Answer 5

B,T,NK/ rest myloid

Question 6

Tissue or blood?

Answer 6

Macro, DC and Mast tissue/ rest blood

Question 7

Granulocytes?

Answer 7

baso, eosino, neutro, NK (have large ones)

Question 8

Split or eat to kill?

Answer 8

split - NK, Baso, Eosin | Eat - Neutro, Macro, DC

Question 9

WBC percentage makes up in blood

Answer 9

50,30,5,3,1 Neutro, adaptive (25T,5B), monocyte, eosin, baso

Question 10

Phagocyte Extravasation?

Answer 10

Macro eat and release ( TNF, IL-1 and CXCL-8)
1. E-selectin binds to Mucin-Cam | Rolling
2. CXCL-8 from macro gets pumped through cell and bind on CXCL-8R neutrophil | activation
3. TNF and IL-1 help LFA1 (macro) bind to ICAM (endo side) | Adhesion
4.moves through the spacing of the blood vessels to the tissue with the help of CXCL-8 | Migration

Question 11

How do Macros kill?

Answer 11

ROS (need NADPH) , Antimicrobials, Degranulation (prolong = Bad)

Question 12

How to Neutrophils kill?

Answer 12

Best at killing (eat and die) , ROS, HOCL, Degranulation CHROATIN NETs - sticky DNA

Question 13

PAMPS and DAMPS

Answer 13

Pamp pathogen associated molecule | Damps dmg associated molecule

Question 14

Type of PPRs

Answer 14

Phago(on outside as well) and Activating, TLR ( surface and endosome) or Cytosolic PRRs ( inside of cell like virus)

Question 15

Importance of PPr

Answer 15

provide the building blocks to preform actions

Question 16

How are surface TLR tripped and release what?

Answer 16

PAMP and DAMP | TNF, IL-1, CXCL-8, IL-12

Question 17

What does IL-12 do?

Answer 17

Call NK to release IFN gamma to recruit more Macro

Question 18

How are Endosomal TLR tripped and release what?

Answer 18

eaten molecules (CpG-rich DNA or Virus) | TNF, IL-1, CXCL-8, IL-12

Question 19

Cytoplasmic PPRs

Answer 19

Virus | NLR (bac and damp (uric Acid) - IL-1 and pro inflam, RLR (Virus) I-IFN

Question 20

Phagocytosis PPRs

Answer 20

Mannose and Scavenger Receptors

Question 21

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency

Answer 21

WBC in blood and poor healing and infections

Question 22

TNF and IL-1?

Answer 22

Proinflam cytokines during infections or inflammations