Antigens Flashcards
Antibody Structure
4 Chains( 2 heavy and 2 light)
Variable region
Binds antigen and is on the top
constant region
binds Fc or complements
Fab Region
the whole top part of the antibody (both variable and constant)
Do light chain subclass effect function?
no they do not but have 2 subtypes kappa and lambda
Function of Antibodies?
Neutralization, opsonization, ADCC, Sensitizes, Complement
what is Neutralization
coats antigen to prevent dmg and inhibit its toxins
What is Opsonization?
Ig binds Fc to make it easier to eat
ADCC?
increased NK killing by IgG
Sensitization
IgE on mast cells
Complement system
IgG and IgM for classic pathway
How many antibodies do B cells have
Just one on each
Antibody protection on our RBC
they can’t bind to RBC, if you do see we run a DAT test and if positive for IgG you have a problem
What does a T cell look like?
TCR and CD3, Squares and Rods
What does the TCR resemble?
Antibody but only 2 chains and thus has lower affinity than antibodies
T cell anatomy
2 chain alpha and beta side with CD3 stalk
what can bind contiguous and discontiguous peptides
T cells can only do contiguous but Antibodies can do both
Polyclonal pros and cons
Can be made from animal or human and conventional a wide range of changes but is not specific and can cross react
Monoclonal pros and cons
can be made from animal and is very specific but if antibodies change you are SOL and need a booster shot
what is flow cytometry
shine a laser to trigger color to see which antibody is in the blood, T cells CD3, Helper and treg CD4, Killer CD8, B cells CD20, CD45 on hematopoietic, DR on antigen presenting cells (DC, MACRO and B cells)
What is Depleting
Fab2 you have both top and bottom to deplete and neutralize
What is non-Depleting
just have top so neutralize but can’t do depleting
