Allergies and Diseases

Question 1

What are mast cells

Answer 1

Have histamine and FcERI - affinity for IgE

Question 2

How do mast cells get activated

Answer 2

Crosslinking of IgE cause degranulation and the release of histamines

Question 3

What is the hygiene hypothese

Answer 3

more infections as child = less allergic rxn bc TH1 is promoted

Question 4

What is an immediate phase rxn

Answer 4

2-3 mins and have immediate rxn

Question 5

What is an Late Phase rxn

Answer 5

6-12 later (NOT MAST) eosinophils and CD4 Type 1 and Type 4 TH2

Question 6

What do we measure to see if having an anaphylaxis

Answer 6

Tryptase bc it last longer in the blood

Question 7

how are eosinophils made

Answer 7

IL-5 is released during mast cell that trigger IL-5R that start prolife
release granules and leukotrienes - targets for asthma drugs

Question 8

Type 1 Allergy

Answer 8

IgE activation attached to mast cells ex. asthma

Question 9

Treatment for T1 Allegies

Answer 9

mast cell, anti-ige, anti IL-5, Anti IL-4 and IL - 13 block, Corticosteriod

Question 10

Type 2 Allergy

Answer 10

Medication or Hives with IgG activation

Question 11

Medication Allergy

Answer 11

IgG - T2 drugs bind to RBC and get killed
1. anti body binds to just drug
2. antibody binds to drug and RBC
3. drug induced antibody on RBC

Question 12

Hives

Answer 12

T2 hives - IgG bind at FcERI and activates C5a (MAC) to trigger degranulation of mast cells

Question 13

Type 3 Allergy

Answer 13

IgG - Serum sickness - inject a serum and IgG has no antibodies but must make 7+ days
once IgG = Serum concentration you get a rxn

Question 14

Type 4 Allergy

Answer 14

TH1 - Contact derm and celiac disease

Question 15

Contact dermatitis

Answer 15

Ivy or metals antigen take and trigger TH1 - IFN-gamma that recruit phago

Question 16

Celiac disease

Answer 16

Gluten trigger tTG to bind and have MHC-II show and B cells to kill cell and thus reduce SM intestine villi