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USMLE INMUNOLOGY > INMUNOSUPRESSANTS > Flashcards

INMUNOSUPRESSANTS Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What are immunosuppressants

A

Medications that block LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION/PROLIFERATION

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2
Q

What are immunosuppressants used for

A
  • Acute rejection prevention
  • Treatment of Autoinmune disorders
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3
Q

Chronic use of immunosuppressants is associated to

A
  • Increased risk of cancer
  • Increased risk of infections
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4
Q

Glucocorticoids mechanism of action

A
  • Inhibition of T-cell activations
  • Inhibition of Transcription of Inflammatory Cytokines
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5
Q

Cytostatic Agents mechanism of action

A

Inhibition of replication of Inmune cells

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6
Q

Monoclonal Antibodies mechanism of action

A

Inhibition of cell function by:
- Inhibition of required protein
- Stimulation of cell death

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7
Q

Inmunophilins acting drugs mechanism of action

A

Inhibition of calcineurin during T-Cell activation (IL-2)

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8
Q

Which protein do glucocorticoids inhibit?

A

NF-KB

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9
Q

When NF-KB is inhibited, what process is impaired?

A

Activation of Transcription Factor for:
- Cytokines
- Receptors

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10
Q

Chronic use of glucocorticoids

A
  • CUSHING DISEASE
  • Diabetes
    OSTEOPOROSIS
  • Avascular necrosis of the femur
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11
Q

Cyclosporin mechanism of action

A

Inhibition of calcineurin

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12
Q

Tacrolimus mechanism of action

A

Inhibition of calcineurin

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13
Q

How do Cyclosporin and Tacrolimus inhibit calcineurin

A

Binding to Cyclophilin A

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14
Q

Inhibition of Calcineurin by Tacrolimus and Cyclosporin produce decrease in production of __________

A

IL-2

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15
Q

Cyclosporin is associated with which adverse effects?

A
  • NEPHROTOXICITY
  • Also Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia and Gingival Hyperplasia
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16
Q

Sirolimus mechanism of action

A

mTOR inhibitor = inhibition of signal transduction cascade of IL2

17
Q

Sirolimus is associated with

A

PANCYTOPENIA
Diabetes and Hyperlipidemia

18
Q

Sirolimus is mainly used in

A

Kidney transplanted patients and Drug eluding stent

19
Q

Sirolimus, Tacrolimus and Cyclosporine are

A

Inmunophilins acting drugs

20
Q

Azathriopine mechanism of action

A

Antimetabolite (6-mercaptopurine) = INHIBITION OF PURINE SYNTHESIS (DNA SYNTHESIS)

21
Q

Azathriopine is an example of

A

Cytostatic agent

22
Q

Azathriopine’s impaired DNA Synthesis leads to

A

DECREASED Lymphocyte proliferation

23
Q

Azathioprine’s adverse effects

A

PANCYTOPENIA
ANEMIA

24
Q

Which Immunosuppressant should not be coadministered with allopurinol

A

Azathioprine

25
Q

Mycophenolate mofetil mechanism of action

A

Inhibition of IMPDH (Required for purine’s synthesis)

26
Q

Mycophenolate mofetil’s adverse effects

A

PANCYTOPENIA
INCREASED RISK OF CMV infections

USMLE INMUNOLOGY (11 decks)

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