Injury Prevention Flashcards
What are the two types of injury associated with sport
Acute and chronic injury
What are acute injuries
Occur at a specific moment in time, when there is a sudden injury associated with a traumatic event, such as a fracture of a bone in a boxers jaw or knee ligament tear after a bad tackle in football
What are chronic injuries
Occour over a period of time
Slowly developed injury associated with the repeated or continuous stress or overuse, such as pain in a tennis players elbow or runners heels
Common causes of chronic injuries are a sudden increase in the intensity, frequency or duration of activity, reduction in recovery, inadequate equipment or technique, poor range of motion and an inadequate warm up and cool down
What are hard tissue injuries
Involve damage to the bone, joint or cartilage and include fractures and dislocations
Hard tissue injures can result in internal bleeding, circulatory problem and joint instability and usually require hospital treatment
What are soft tissue injuries
are the most common in sport and include strains, and sprains of the muscles, tendons or ligaments.
Soft tissue injuries result in inflammation and bruising (internal bruising) and require immediate attention to minimise recovery time
What is a fracture
a partial or complete break in a bone due to an excessive force that over comes the bones’s potential to flex
The fracture usually comes from a direct force (from a collision or object) or an indirect force ( falling or poor technique)
Symptoms of a fracture
pain
inability to move
deformity
swelling
discolouration
Treatments of a fracture
PRICE to reduce swelling
anti-inflammatory/pain meds
surgery if serious enough
What is a dislocation?
why does it occur?
and what are typical sites for it to occur?
The displacement of one bone from another out of their original position
Usually occurs from a direct force (from collision or object) or an indirect force (a fall) pushing the joint past its extreme range of motion.
Shoulder, knees, hip, ankle, fingers, toes ,elbow
Symptoms of a dislocation
severe pain
loss of movement
deformity
swelling
“pop” feeling
Treatments of dislocation
all require medical treatment
PRICE to reduce swelling
surgery if serious
What is a contusion and how to treat
A bruise- an area of the skin or tissue in which the blood vessels have ruptured (torn)
most heal rapidly without a break in training or play
Causes of contusions
a fall or direct impact from a player or object
What is a Haematoma and what are the symptoms
Localised congealed bleeding from the ruptured blood vessels
swelling and discolouration
What is a sprain
Overstretch or tear in the ligaments that connects bone to bone
Caused by a sudden twist, impact or fall that forces the joint beyond its extreme range of motion
