Inheritance Flashcards
What is the diploid number?
The number of chromosomes in a body cell.
What is the haploid number?
The number of chromosomes in a gamete.
What is a nucleotide?
The monomer for DNA. It is a compound made from a phosphate group, a sugar, and a base.
What is a gene?
A length of DNA that holds the code for one characteristic.
What type of sugar is in DNA monomers?
A pentose sugar.
What are the 4 bases, and how do they pair together?
- T and A
- G and C
How many bases code for one amino acid.
3
A triplet.
What did Mendel discover?
- That characteristics where passed down from parents to offspring
- Some of the characteristics could be recessive
What is a genotype?
The full set of genes that an organism has.
What is a phenotype?
The observable characteristics of an organism.
What is an allele?
Different versions of the same gene.
What does homozygous mean?
Organisms that have homologous chromosomes which have the same allele.
What does heterazygous mean?
Organisms that have homologous chromosomes which have different alleles.
What is a dominant allele?
Only one copy is needed for the allele to be expressed.
What is a recessive allele?
An allele that is only expressed if there is no dominant allele.