Bioenergetics Flashcards
What is the word equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + water ➝ glucose and oxygen
What are the limiting factors of photosynthesis?
- Light intensity
- Carbon dioxide concentration
- Temperature
What is the effect of high temperatures on photosynthesis?
They denature the enzymes and prevent photosynthesis.
What substances can plants make with glucose?
- Cellulose (polymer)
- Fat (atoms rearranged)
- Starch (polymer)
- Protein (combined with nitrate ions to make amino acids)
- Chlorophyll (combined with magnesium)
Where does aerobic respiration occur?
The mitochondria
What is energy released in respiration used for?
- Movement
- Active transport
- Building new molecules
- Warmth
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + oxygen ➝ carbon dioxide + water
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?
Glucose ➝ lactic acid
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and fungi?
Glucose ➝ ethanol + carbon dioxide
Which releases more energy, aerobic or anaerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration.
What is oxygen debt?
The oxygen required to break down lactic acid into carbon dioxide and water.
What is the effect of lactic acid building up?
Muscle fatigue.
What happens to a small amount of the lactic acid produced?
It is taken to the liver and converted back into glucose.
What is metabolism?
The rate of crucial chemical reactions in the body involving energy.
How are lipids formed?
From 1 glucose and 3 fatty acids.
