Inguinal Canal and Perineum Flashcards
Name regions 5/6
- Pubic
- Inguinal
What is the inguinal ligament and where does it run
Caudal border of the external abdominal oblique, it gives origin to the internal abdominal oblique
Runs from tuber coxae to iliopubic eminence
What is the inguinal canal
POTENTIAL space between superficial and deep inguinal rings
present in both sexes
What is the superficial inguinal ring and where is it located
slit opening i the aponeurosis of the EAO muscle
cr to inguinal lig lateral to recuts abdominis m
Name 4-9
- Iliopubic eminence
- External pudendal a
- Vaginal process containing spermatic cord
- Superficial inguinal ring
- Inguinal ligament
- Abdomen (EAO aponeurosis covering the rectus abdominis)
What is the deep inguinal ring
triangular space directly internal to the superficial ring & transmits the same structures. (so the canal hardly exist in the dog).
What are the boundaries of the deep inguinal ring
Caudally: inguinal lig
Cranially: ca border of IAO
medially: prepubic tendon and lateral border of rectus abdominis
Name the purple dotted triangle and 1, 2
purple = deep inguinal ring
1= inguinal lig
2 = superficialinguinal ring
What structures pass through the inguinal canal only in males
spermatic cord
cremaster muscle
What structures pass through ther inguinal canal in males and females
- Vaginal process (except in female cat)
- Ext. pudendal artery and vein
- Genitofemoral nerve
- Efferent lymphatics from the superficial
What structure passed only in females through the inguinal canal
round lig of uterus
1) inguinal lig
2) superficial inguinal ring
3) ext pudendal a and v and genitofemoral n
4) superficial inguinal lnn
5) spermatic cord
What animals do not have a vaginal process
female cats
What does the vaginal process form/enclose in males? in females?
Males: vaginal tunic (visceralis and parietalis) and ccloses spermatic cord
Female: encloses round lig of uterus
1-10
1) spermatic cord
2) cremaster m.
3) superficial inguinal ring
4) external pudendal vessels
5) superficial inguinal lymph node
6) testis
7) scrotum
8) ext. abdominal oblique
9) internal abdominal oblique
10) rectus abdominis
What is a direct vs indirect hernia
indirect = through inguinal ring
direct = through abdominal wall
Inguinal hernias occur more in males or females
females
What is this showing
Pelvic outlet
1, Dorsal sacroiliac lig.
2, Sacrum
3, First caudal vertebra
4, Sacrotuberous lig
5, Ischial tuberosity
What is the perineal region
Caudal body surface between tail and vulva/scrotum and the immediately surrounding areas
surrounds pelvic outlet (terminal GIT and parts of repro tract)
What is the perineal body? what embyronic structure forms this?
aggregate of fibrous and muscular tissue between the anus and the vulva or bulb of the penis
Urorectal septum
What forms the pelvic diaphragm and what is its role?
Levator ani and coccygeus
Prevent pelvic viscera prolapse, prevent perianal hernia, helps terminating act of defecation
Describe levator ani m shape
broad, thin and flat triangular shape
Levator ani function
sling around rectum and depresses tail and compresses rectum (assist in defecation)
coccygeys shaoe and location compared to levator ani
V shaped, shorter, stronger
lateral and cranial to levator ani
