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Anatomy Exam 4 > Inguinal Canal > Flashcards

Inguinal Canal Flashcards

1
Q

Visceral layer that wraps around each testicle

A

tunica vaginalis

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2
Q

What ligament is the inguinal canal bounded by?

A

inguinal ligament

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3
Q

What makes up the three arches of the inguinal canal?

A

1) transversalis abdominis
2) internal oblique
3) external oblique

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4
Q

What layer makes up the deep ring?

A

transversalis fascia

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5
Q

What layer makes up the superficial ring?

A

external oblique

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6
Q

Where does the inguinal canal end?

A

superficial ring

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7
Q

What are the three layers spermatic cord passes through in the inguinal canal?

A

1) transversalis fascia
2) internal oblique
3) external oblique
* *does not pass through transversalis abdominis but does run just underneath it

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8
Q

What is the anterior border of inguinal canal?

A

aponeurosis of external oblique

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9
Q

What is the floor of inguinal canal?

A

inguinal ligament (from external oblique)

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10
Q

What is the the floor medially of inguinal canal?

A

lacunar ligament

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11
Q

What is the posterior border of inguinal canal?

A

transversalis fascia

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12
Q

What is the posterior medially of inguinal canal?

A

conjoint tendon

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13
Q

What does the parietal peritoneum of the abdominal wall become in the spermatic cord?

A

it invaginates the testes to become tunica vaginalis

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14
Q

What does the transversalis fascia of the abdominal wall become in the spermatic cord?

A

inner spermatic fascia

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15
Q

What does the transversus abdominus become in the spermatic cord?

A

nothing. it has no contribution

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16
Q

What does the internal oblique of the abdominal wallbecome in the spermatic cord?

A

cremasteric muscle and fascia

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17
Q

What does the external oblique of the abdominal wall become in the spermatic cord?

A

external spermatic fascia

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18
Q

What does the Scarpa’s fasica of the abdominal wall become in the spermatic cord?

A

Dartos muscle and fascia

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19
Q

What does the Camper’s fascia of the abdominal wall become in the spermatic cord?

A

nothing. it has no contribution

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20
Q

What does the skin of the abdominal wall become in the spermatic cord?

A

skin of scrotum

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21
Q

Thick muscular tube that carries sperm and semen

A

ductus (vas) deferens

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22
Q

Which muscle is responsible for pulling up the testis when it’s cold?

A

Cremasteric muscle

23
Q

Which muscle is responsible for the wrinkling of the scrotum?

A

Dartos muscle

24
Q

What innervates pyramidalis muscle?

A

subcostal T12

25
Q

What innervates cremasteric muscle?

A

genital branch of genitofemoral n

26
Q

What innervates dartos muscle?

A

sympathetics running with ilioinguinal and posterior scrotal nerves

27
Q

Which nerve runs through the inguinal canal?

A

genital branch of genitofemoral (L1-L2)

28
Q

What are the contents of the inguinal canal?

A

1) ductus deferens
2) vessels
3) nerves
4) lymphatics
5) vestige of the processus vaginalis

29
Q

What artery supplies the testicles?

A

testicular artery

30
Q

From what does the testicular a. originate from?

A

aorta

31
Q

What artery supplies the cremaster muscle?

A

cremasteric a

32
Q

From what does the cremasteric a. originate from?

A

inferior epigastric a.

33
Q

A network formed by ~12 veins that converge superiorly as left or right testicular veins

A

pampiniform plexus

34
Q

What is the functional significance of pampiniform plexus?

A

it wraps around the testicular a and helps dissipate heat from the artery before it travels down to the scrotum

35
Q

What is processus vaginalis?

A

projection of parietal peritoneum into the developing scrotum

36
Q

Ligamentous like primordia that attaches between developing testis/ovary and scrotal labial folds

A

gubernaculum

37
Q

What does the gubernaculum become in the female?

A

crainally –> ovarian ligament

caudually –> round ligament

38
Q

What is the female homologue to the scrotum?

A

labia majora

39
Q

Do females have cremaster muscle?

A

yes, it’s a few short loops of muscle around the round ligament (not as prominent as the males’)

40
Q

Where does the round ligament terminate?

A

labia majora

41
Q

True or False. There’s also internal and external fascia homologous to males’

A

True

42
Q

Which hernia is this? Most likely acquired condition.Through Hasselbach’s triangle, medial to spermatic cord, can be contained by external oblique or push through the superficial ring

A

Direct

43
Q

Which hernia is this? Most likely acquired condition. Affects both sexes equally, below inguinal ligament where the femoral vessels push through

A

femoral

44
Q

Which hernia is this? Most likely congenital condition. Passing through the patent processus vaginalis, alongside spermatic cord

A

Indirect

45
Q

Which hernia is this? Borders: inferior epigastric vessels, rectus abdominus, and inguinal ligament

A

Direct

46
Q

What condition is this? general condition of a cyst within the epidermis, often related to the infection of a hair follicle

A

sebaceous cyst

47
Q

What condition is this? serous fluid or blood build-up within the tunica vaginalis

A

hydrocele and hematocele

48
Q

What condition is this? testes that deviate from the normal path and lodge somewhere in the abdominal cavity

A

ectopic testes

49
Q

Which condition is this? cyst within the head of the epididymis. very common and patients may think they have testicular cancer

A

spermatocele

50
Q

Which condition is this? failure of testes to properly descend

A

cryptorchidism

51
Q

Which condition is this? only one testicle

A

monorchidism

52
Q

Which condition is this? more than 2 testicles

A

polyorchidism

53
Q

Which condition is this? vas deferens is cut and can be tied off

A

vasectomy

54
Q

What are the 4 causes of hernias?

A

1) erect posture –> increased intra-abdominal pressue
2) persistence of processus vaginalis
3) muscular atrophy
4) tissue abnormality

Anatomy Exam 4 (9 decks)

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