ingredients sources in per food Flashcards
why are ingredient’s important
Animals need nutrients not ingredients
Does not meant that the ingredients are not important
Provides nutrition
Provides flavor
Provides health benefits
What are some common ingredient sources
Plant
Animal
Marine
isolated/purified
Synthetic
What does meat mean for ingredients
The clean flesh derived from slaughtered mammals and limited to that part of the striate muscle which is skeletal or that part which is found in the tongue, in the diaphragm, in the heart or in the esophagus; with or without the accompanying and overlying fat and portions of the skin, sinew, nerve and blood vessels which normally accompany the flesh. It shall be suitable for animal food.
What does meat by products mean
the non-rendered, clean parts, other than meat, derived from slaughtered mammals. It includes, but is not limited to, lungs, spleen, kidneys, brain, livers, blood, bone, partially de-fatted low temperature fatty tissue and stomachs and intestines freed of their contents. It does not include hair, horns, teeth and hoofs. It shall be suitable for use in animal feed.
What are meat and bone meal
rendered product from mammal tissues, including bone, exclusive of any added blood, hair, hoof, horn, hide trimmings, manure, stomach and rumen contents except in such amounts as may occur unavoidably in good processing practices.
If an ingredient contains less bone, it can be classified as “meat meal”.
Can be used in non ruminant species of livestock and poultry
Can be used in ruminants rations providing the source isn’t ruminant
Potential use in other applications
Fuel
Phosphorus fertilizer
Production of biobased plastics
What are the advantages of byproducts
Good source of nutrients
Brain–providesDHA, an anti-inflammatory fatty acid important in neurological development
Blood–provides iron, and essential mineral, and protein, which contributes to daily requirements of protein
Bones–source of essential minerals that support strong bones and teeth
Connective Tissue–source of chondroitin, which supports joint health
Heart–provides taurine and L-carnitine, both which support heart health (taurine is essential for cats)
Liver–provides iron, B Vitamins and Vitamin A, which supports multiple systems including nervous system, growth, vision, etc.
Sustainability
What are risks of by products
A prion disease of the brain
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy in cattle
vCJD in people
Spread by feeding cattle meal made from cattle
Particularly nervous tissue and parts of the SI
Transferrable to people
Progressive, incurable and fatal
What are some high risk ingredients that are not allowed in teh food chain
High (specified) risk materials from cows cannot enter human or animal food chain:
Brain
Skull
Eyes
Tonsils
Trigeminal Ganglia
Distal Ileum
Ruminants cannot be fed most mammalian proteins Slaughter of any affected herd
What are some alternative food trends when it comes to companion animals
BEG (Boutique, Exotic and Grain-Free)
Kangaroo, duck, buffalo, salmon, lamb, bison, venison
Lentils, peas, fava beans, tapioca, chickpeas
Often due to a concern for allergies
Potential health risks?
DCM in dogs?
Camel meat–indospicine and hepatoxicity
Insect protein–emerging source
Raw food, BARF (Biologically Appropriate Raw Food)
Food not cooked to a temperature that will kill microorganisms
Home or commercial preparation
Raw, dried, freeze-dried
What are the claims with raw food
Natural diet
Improved dental health
Improved skin health
Prevention or control of disorders affecting any of the major body systems
Behavioural improvements
What can raw diets actully cause
Increased fecal bacterial diversity
Possible improved stool quality
What are some safety concerns with raw food
Bacterial contamination
Choking
Vomiting and diarrhea
Gastrointestinal obstruction
Rectal bleeding
What are the stats on nutritional adequacy with home prepared diets
In an evaluation of 200 home prepared diets
5% were found to be complete and balanced
11% were deficient in one essential nutrient
84% were deficient in more than 1 essential nutrient
