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LQB389 - anatomy > Infracolic Organs > Flashcards

Infracolic Organs Flashcards

1
Q

What is haustra?

A
  • balloning of intestine
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2
Q

What is the epiploic appendages?

A
  • fat pads on intestine
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3
Q

What is mesentery?

A
  • double layer parietal peritoneum of the small intestine that contains fat, blood vessels and nerves
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4
Q

What is mesocolon?

A
  • double layer parietal peritoneum of the large intestine that contains fat, blood vessels and nerves
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5
Q

Where are the infracolic organs located?

A
  • lie inferior to he transverse colon
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6
Q

What is the blood supply to the infraolic organs?

A
  • supplied by the branches of the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries
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7
Q

At what vertebral level is the superior mesenteric artery collaterally branch off?

A

L1

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8
Q

At what vertebral level is the inferior mesenteric artery collaterally branch off?

A

L3

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9
Q

What organs does the superior mesenteric arteries supply?

A
  • Jejunum and ileum
  • ascending colon
  • 1/3 of transverse colon
  • hepatic flexure
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10
Q

What organs does the inferior mesenteric arteries supply?

A
  • 2/3 of transverse colon
  • splenic flexure
  • descending colon
  • sigmoid colon
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11
Q

Where does all the blood from the infracoloic organs drain into?

A
  • the portal vein
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12
Q

Is the ascending or descending colon shorter? (and why)

A
  • the ascending colon is shorter due to the liver
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13
Q

What is the transverse colon covered in?

A
  • mesocolon
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14
Q

In what regions does the jejunum lie?

A
  • umbilical
  • left lumbar
  • left iliac
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15
Q

In what regions does the ileum lie?

A
  • hypogastric
  • umbilical
  • right iliac
  • right lumbar
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16
Q

What is the contents of the mesentery?

A
  • branches and tributaries of superio mesenteric artery and vein
  • numerous mesenteric lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels
  • fat and nerves
17
Q

What sections of the large intestine is in the abdominal region?

A
  • caecum and veriform appendix
  • ascending colon
  • transverse colon
  • descending colon
  • sigmoid colon
  • left and right colic flexure
18
Q

What sections of the large intestine is in the pelvic and perineal regions?

A
  • sigmoid colon
  • rectum
  • anal canal
19
Q

How do you locate the caecum on the surface anatomy?

A
  1. draw a line between the umbilicus and right anterior superior iliac spine
  2. divide the line into thirds
  3. draw a point on 1/3 of the line closet to the right anterior superior iliac spine
20
Q

Why is it important to be able to locate the caecum?

A
  • as it indicates where the base of the appendix attaches for surgery
21
Q

What is the position of the appendix in 64% of people?

A
  • retrocaecal/retrocolic
22
Q

What is the position of the appendix in 32% of people?

A
  • pelvic
23
Q

In which peritoneal space is the ascending colon located?

A
  • retroperitoneal
24
Q

In what percentage of people is the ascending colon have a mesocolon?

A
  • 25%
25
Q

In which peritoneal space is the transverse colon loacted?

A
  • mesocolon
26
Q

What is the average length of the transverse colon?

A
  • 50cm
27
Q

Is the transverse colon not fixed in place? Why/why not?

A
  • no it has much variation (hangs like an apron) due to it being contained in mesecolon instead of attachment with muscles
28
Q

How long is the descending colon?

A

25cm

29
Q

In which peritoneal space is the descending colon located?

A
  • retoperitoneal
30
Q

In what percentage of people is the descending colon have mesolon?

A
  • 33%
31
Q

What flexure does the descending colon contain?

A
  • splenic/left colic flexure
32
Q

Where is the sigmoid colon located?

A
  • located predominantly in pelvic cavity
33
Q

At what vertebral level does the sigmoid colon terminate?

A
  • S3
34
Q

What is the average length of the sigmoid colon?

A
  • 5 to 80 cm (average 40 cm)
35
Q

Where does the portal vein begin?

A
  • at the confluence between the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein
36
Q

What are two main variations of the portal vein?

A
  1. the inferior mesenteric vein is part of the confluence into the portal vein instead of being a tributary to the splenic vein
  2. the inferior mesenteric vein becomes a tributary to superior mesenteric vein instead of the splenic vein

LQB389 - anatomy (11 decks)

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