Information Processing Flashcards
Information processing approaches is?
Approaches to cognitive development that seek to identify the ways that individuals take in, use, and store information
3 foundations for information processing approach?
1) Encoding
2) Storage
3) Retrieval
What is automatization?
Degree to which an activity requires attention
What does automatization help us do?
Helps us in our initial encounters with the world by “automatically” priming us to process info in particular ways.
Sensory store is?
Initial momentary storage of info, lasting only an instant
Chunk is?
Meaningful group of stimuli that can be stored as a unit in short-term memory
How long is short-term memory?
15-25s
Short-term memory is?
Short duration limited capacity memory component in which selected input is worked on
Working memory is?
A set of memory stores that actively manipulate and rehearse information
The central executive is?
Controls the functions of short-term memory, selecting strategies for remembering.
Long term memory is?
Unlimited capacity storage where info is stored permanently
Attention is?
Information processing involving the ability to sort out different stimuli in the environment
Information processing failures are from what?
Due to inability to draw out info from sensory store.
Attention getting is?
Bright colors, attractive, loud noise
Attention holding is?
Something meaningful to us
Implicit memory is?
Procedural memories
Ex. Riding a bike
Planning is?
The ability to allocate attentional resources on that basis of goals that one wishes to achieve
Explicit memory is?
The conscious recollection of memory.
Autobiographical memory is?
Memories for specific events, involving oneself.
Average age for earliest autobiographical memory?
40m
Metamemory is?
Understanding the processes that underlie memory
Scripts are?
General representations in memory of a sequence or series of events
Earliest memories typically include?
Negative events
Markers (trips, very unexpected events)
Later influences
What 4 factors influence memory development?
1) Strategies
2) Knowledge
3) Metamemory
4) Capacity
Mnemoics are?
Formal strategies for organizing material in ways that make it more likely to be remembered
Critical thinking is?
Thinking that makes us use cognitive skills and strategies
4 memory strategies ?
Rehearsal
Organization
Imagery
Elaboration
Rehearsal is?
Repeating info out load
Organization is?
Grouping info into meaningful chunks
Imagery is?
Creating a mental image of info
Elaboration is?
Creates a relationship between multiple pieces of info form different categories
Strategies for memory development?
Goal directed processes that are adopted to enhance memory performance
Knowledge for memory development?
Children are likely to remember material they know about and understand.
Capacity for memory development?
Childs memory is limited due to processing capacity.
