INFLAMMATION Flashcards
WHAT IS INFLAMMATION
a protective mechanism in vascularised tissues to infection and damage that brings cells to host defence and eliminate offending agents
WHAT ARE THE 4 EFFECTS OF INFLAMMATION (SARD)
prevents SPREAD
ALERTS adapting immune system
sets stage for REPAIR
DISPOSES pathogens
WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF INFLAMMATION
same as causes of cell injury (hypoxia, nutritional imbalances, chemical agents, infectious agents, physical agents, genetics material)
WHAT IS THE CLASSIFICATION OF ACUTE INFLAMMATION
it is a rapid host response to damage
WHAT IS THE CLASSIFICATION OF CHRONIC INFLAMMATION
it is a prolonged response to damage
WHAT ARE THE 3 EVENTS OF INFLAMMATION
RECOGNITION
RECRUITMENT (PHAGOCYTE MOBILISATION, DIAPEDESIS, CHEMOTAXIS)
REMOVAL AND REPAIR
WHAT IS INVOLVED IN THE RECOGNITION STAGE OF INFLAMMATION
inflammatory chemical release by stressed tissues releases histamines, kinins, prostaglandins and sedentary macrophages
WHAT IS INVOLVED IN THE RECRUITMENT STAGE OF INFLAMMATION
PHAGOCYTE MOBILISATION = LEUCOCYTOSIS (INCREASED IN WBC)
MARGINATION = PHAGOCYTES SPROUT ADHESION MOLECULES SIGNALLING THE SITE OF INFECTION
DIAPEDESIS = NEUTROPHILS SQUEEZE BETWEEN CAPILLARY WALLS
CHEMOTAXIS = NEUTROPHILS TREVEL TO SITE OF INFECTION AND BEGIN TO DEVOUR FOREIGN MATERIAL
WHAT ARE THE MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION
HISTAMINES KININS PRPOSTAGLANDINS LEUKOTRINES COMPLEMENT
WHAT IS THE ROLE OF HISTAMINES
PROMOTES VASODIALATION
WHAT IS THE ROLE OF KININS AND PROSTAGLANDINS
INDUCE CHEMOTAXIS (PROMPTING THE MOVEMENT OF NEUTROPHILS) IS ASSOCIATED WITH MOST OF THE PAIN ASSOCIATED WITH INFLAMMATION.
WHAT IS THE ROLE OF LEUKOTRIENES
ARE PRODUCED BY MAST CELLS AND BASOPHILS - THEY HELP PHAGOCYTES ATTACH TO PATHOGENS
WHAT IS THE ROLE OF COMPLEMENT
STIMULATES HISTAMINE RELASE WHICH ATTRACTS NEUTROPHILS AND PROMOTES PHAGOCYTOSIS
WHAT IS THE DURATION OF OF ACUTE INFLAMMATION
MINS - DAYS
WHAT IS THE DURATION OF CHRONIC INFLAMMATION
WEEKS - YEARS
WHAT ARE THE CARDINAL SIGNS OF INFLAMMATION
HEAT REDNESS SWELLING PAIN LOSS OF FUNCTION
T OR F? CARDINAL SIGNS OF INFLAMMATION CAN BE LESSER IN CHRONIC?
TRUE
WHAT ARE THE POSSIBLE OUTCOMES OF ACUTE INFLAMMATION
COMPLETE HEALING
ABCSESS FORMATION
GRANULOMA FORMATION
PROGRESSION TO CHRONCI INFLAMMATION
WHAT ARE THE OUTCOMES OF CHRONIC INFLAMMATION
GRANULOMA
ABSCESS FORMATION
FIBROSIS
WHAT IS THE PROCESS OF HEALING FROM INFLAMMATION
CLEARING INJOROUS STIMULI
REMOVAL OF DEBRIS
REVASCULARISATION
REMODELLING OF DAMAGED CELLS
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE FIBRES THAT FORM THE SAC OF ABSCESS’ AND GRANULOMAS?
GRANULOMAS= FIBRORUS ABSCESS = COLLAGENOUS
WHAT IS A GRANULOMA
THE BODIES RESPONSE TO AN INVADER THAT IT CANNOT ELIMINATE - MACROPHAGES THAT HAVE INFECTIOUS MATERIAL CONTAINED INSIDE, SURROUNDED BY NON INFECTED MACROPHAGES, THAT ARE ENCASED BY A FIBROUS CAPSUL.
WHAT IMMUNE CELLS ARE INVOLVED IN ACUTE INFLAMMATION
NEUTROPHILS BASOPHILS EOSINOPHILS MACROPHAGES MONOCYTES
WHAT CELLS ARE INVOLVED IN CHRONIC INFLAMMATION
MONOCYTES MACROPHAGES LYMPHOCYTES (B & T) PLASMA CELLS AND FIBROBLASTS
