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Biomedical Science for Osteo 3 > INFLAMMATION > Flashcards

INFLAMMATION Flashcards

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1
Q

WHAT IS INFLAMMATION

A

a protective mechanism in vascularised tissues to infection and damage that brings cells to host defence and eliminate offending agents

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2
Q

WHAT ARE THE 4 EFFECTS OF INFLAMMATION (SARD)

A

prevents SPREAD
ALERTS adapting immune system
sets stage for REPAIR
DISPOSES pathogens

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3
Q

WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF INFLAMMATION

A

same as causes of cell injury (hypoxia, nutritional imbalances, chemical agents, infectious agents, physical agents, genetics material)

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4
Q

WHAT IS THE CLASSIFICATION OF ACUTE INFLAMMATION

A

it is a rapid host response to damage

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5
Q

WHAT IS THE CLASSIFICATION OF CHRONIC INFLAMMATION

A

it is a prolonged response to damage

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6
Q

WHAT ARE THE 3 EVENTS OF INFLAMMATION

A

RECOGNITION
RECRUITMENT (PHAGOCYTE MOBILISATION, DIAPEDESIS, CHEMOTAXIS)
REMOVAL AND REPAIR

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7
Q

WHAT IS INVOLVED IN THE RECOGNITION STAGE OF INFLAMMATION

A

inflammatory chemical release by stressed tissues releases histamines, kinins, prostaglandins and sedentary macrophages

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8
Q

WHAT IS INVOLVED IN THE RECRUITMENT STAGE OF INFLAMMATION

A

PHAGOCYTE MOBILISATION = LEUCOCYTOSIS (INCREASED IN WBC)
MARGINATION = PHAGOCYTES SPROUT ADHESION MOLECULES SIGNALLING THE SITE OF INFECTION
DIAPEDESIS = NEUTROPHILS SQUEEZE BETWEEN CAPILLARY WALLS
CHEMOTAXIS = NEUTROPHILS TREVEL TO SITE OF INFECTION AND BEGIN TO DEVOUR FOREIGN MATERIAL

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9
Q

WHAT ARE THE MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION

A 
HISTAMINES
KININS
PRPOSTAGLANDINS
LEUKOTRINES
COMPLEMENT
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10
Q

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF HISTAMINES

A

PROMOTES VASODIALATION

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11
Q

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF KININS AND PROSTAGLANDINS

A

INDUCE CHEMOTAXIS (PROMPTING THE MOVEMENT OF NEUTROPHILS) IS ASSOCIATED WITH MOST OF THE PAIN ASSOCIATED WITH INFLAMMATION.

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12
Q

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF LEUKOTRIENES

A

ARE PRODUCED BY MAST CELLS AND BASOPHILS - THEY HELP PHAGOCYTES ATTACH TO PATHOGENS

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13
Q

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF COMPLEMENT

A

STIMULATES HISTAMINE RELASE WHICH ATTRACTS NEUTROPHILS AND PROMOTES PHAGOCYTOSIS

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14
Q

WHAT IS THE DURATION OF OF ACUTE INFLAMMATION

A

MINS - DAYS

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15
Q

WHAT IS THE DURATION OF CHRONIC INFLAMMATION

A

WEEKS - YEARS

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16
Q

WHAT ARE THE CARDINAL SIGNS OF INFLAMMATION

A 
HEAT 
REDNESS
SWELLING 
PAIN 
LOSS OF FUNCTION
17
Q

T OR F? CARDINAL SIGNS OF INFLAMMATION CAN BE LESSER IN CHRONIC?

A

TRUE

18
Q

WHAT ARE THE POSSIBLE OUTCOMES OF ACUTE INFLAMMATION

A

COMPLETE HEALING
ABCSESS FORMATION
GRANULOMA FORMATION
PROGRESSION TO CHRONCI INFLAMMATION

19
Q

WHAT ARE THE OUTCOMES OF CHRONIC INFLAMMATION

A

GRANULOMA
ABSCESS FORMATION
FIBROSIS

20
Q

WHAT IS THE PROCESS OF HEALING FROM INFLAMMATION

A

CLEARING INJOROUS STIMULI
REMOVAL OF DEBRIS
REVASCULARISATION
REMODELLING OF DAMAGED CELLS

21
Q

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE FIBRES THAT FORM THE SAC OF ABSCESS’ AND GRANULOMAS?

A 
GRANULOMAS= FIBRORUS 
ABSCESS = COLLAGENOUS
22
Q

WHAT IS A GRANULOMA

A

THE BODIES RESPONSE TO AN INVADER THAT IT CANNOT ELIMINATE - MACROPHAGES THAT HAVE INFECTIOUS MATERIAL CONTAINED INSIDE, SURROUNDED BY NON INFECTED MACROPHAGES, THAT ARE ENCASED BY A FIBROUS CAPSUL.

23
Q

WHAT IMMUNE CELLS ARE INVOLVED IN ACUTE INFLAMMATION

A

NEUTROPHILS BASOPHILS EOSINOPHILS MACROPHAGES MONOCYTES

24
Q

WHAT CELLS ARE INVOLVED IN CHRONIC INFLAMMATION

A

MONOCYTES MACROPHAGES LYMPHOCYTES (B & T) PLASMA CELLS AND FIBROBLASTS

Biomedical Science for Osteo 3 (12 decks)

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