Infectious Diseases In The 21st Century Flashcards
Vaccination (4)
Immune Effective Herd immunity Safe - don’t use whole organism only use small part
Leasing causes of death 1900
Diphtheria
Diarrhoea
TB
pneumonia
What illness maintained killing through the 1900’s?
Pneumonia
Leading causes of death 2000
Heart disease
Cancer
Suicide
Name the three illnesses that were eradicated or nearly
Polio (nearly)
Small pox
Diphtheria
Diphtheria
Identified 1890
Antitoxin made in 1895
1950 national immunisation campaign
Not in developing countries
Small pox
1950
Successfully eradicated in 1980
How did we control infectious disease? (6)
Vaccination Antibiotics Public health measures Chlorine in water (typhoid decreased bc of this) Improved housing Decreased poverty and over-crowding
Who was William H. Stewart and what did he do?
He said to stop focusing on diseases and bc of this many people died because of antibiotic resistance
Antibiotic resistance (3)
Darwinian selection
Pressure on docs or prescribe when not needed
Used in food chain (farms) so enter us
Tuberculosis (3)
1.1 million dead 2014
Lung disease in Bovine TB (affects humans)
In high income countries, cattle slaughtered and farmers compensated.
Why do we get emerging infectious diseases?
Zoonoses (disease spreads between animals and humans if they’re close together)
SARS
8096 patients
774 deaths
Impacted air travel as 500k fly at any one moment
Ebola
60% fatal
11K killed January 2016 in Africa
Need to wear personal protective equipment which is hard in the hot weather
Why is Ebola difficult to diagnose?
Vague symptoms which also makes it hard to control
